See https://github.com/Shopify/graphql-batch/blob/3b22366f718d43ca2ed8725d0213f92b84752562/lib/graphql/batch/loader.rb#L65-L77 If all promises are fulfilled, then `reject_pending_promises` will find nowhere to pass `err`, and it'll be dropped. I stumbled on a case where this happened due to open-telemetry tracing instrumentation annotating a span with the exception.