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yiannisbotzixuanzh
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fix: fix some details in CC Sectors (#1170)
This small PR clarifies a few details regarding CC sectors and the fact that by default they store randomness. It also makes clearer the fact that resealing is needed when upgrading to a deal or verified deal and that miners are free to reject deals and instead use their storage in the form of committed capacity. Co-authored-by: zixuanzh <[email protected]>
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content/systems/filecoin_mining/sector/_index.md

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@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ In the first iteration of the protocol, 32GiB and 64GiB sectors are supported. M
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Individual deals are formed when a storage miner and client are matched on Filecoinʼs storage market. The protocol does not distinguish miners matching with real clients from miners generating self-deals. However, **committed capacity** is a construction that is introduced to make self-dealing unnecessary and economically irrational. In earlier designs of the network, only sectors filled with deals increased the minerʼs likelihood of winning the block reward. This led to the expectation that miners would attack and exploit the network by playing the role of both storage provider and client, creating a malicious self-deal.
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If a sector is only partially full of deals, the network considers the remainder to be _committed capacity_. Similarly, sectors with no deals are called committed capacity sectors; miners are rewarded for proving to the network that they are pledging storage capacity and are encouraged to find clients who need storage. When a miner finds storage demand, they can upgrade their committed capacity sectors to earn additional revenue in the form of a deal fee from paying clients. More details on how to add storage and upgrade sectors in [Adding Storage](adding_storage).
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If a sector is only partially full of deals, the network considers the remainder to be _committed capacity_. Similarly, sectors with no deals are called committed capacity sectors; miners are rewarded for proving to the network that they are pledging storage capacity and are encouraged to find clients who need storage. When a miner finds storage demand, they can upgrade their committed capacity sectors to earn additional revenue in the form of a deal fee from paying clients. More details on how to add storage and upgrade sectors in [Adding Storage](filecoin_mining#adding_storage).
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Committed capacity sectors improve minersʼ incentives to store client data, but they donʼt solve the problem entirely. Storing real client files adds some operational overhead for storage miners. In certain circumstances – for example, if a miner values block rewards far more than deal fees – miners might still choose to ignore client data entirely and simply store committed capacity to increase their storage power as rapidly as possible in pursuit of block rewards. This would make Filecoin less useful and limit clientsʼ ability to store data on the network. Filecoin addresses this issue by introducing the concept of verified clients. Verified clients are certified by a decentralized network of verifiers. Once verified, they can post a predetermined amount of verified client deal data to the storage market, set by the size of their DataCap. Sectors with verified client deals are awarded more storage power – and therefore more block rewards – than sectors without. This provides storage miners with an additional incentive to store client data.
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content/systems/filecoin_mining/sector/adding_storage.md

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* **Regular Sector**: A Sector that contains Client data
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* **Committed Capacity (CC) Sector**: A Sector with no data (all zeroes)
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In practice, Miners will add _as much storage as they can_ in the form of CC Sectors, because these can be added without needing to wait for Clients. CC Sectors empower Miners to immediately make use of existing disk space: earning storage power and a higher chance at producing a block.
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Miners are free to coose which types of Sectors to store. CC sectors, in particular, allow Miners to immediately make use of existing disk space: earning storage power and a higher chance at producing a block. Miners can decide if they should upgrade their CC sectors to take client deals or continue proving CC sectors. Currently, CC sectors store randomness by default in client implementation, but this does not preclude miners from storing any type of useful data that increase their private utility in CC sectors (as long as it is legal). The protocol expects that new use-cases and diversity will emerge out of such behaviour.
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To incentivize Miners to hoard storage space and dedicate it to Filecoin, CC Sectors have a unique capability: **they can be "upgraded" to Regular Sectors** (also called "replacing a CC Sector").
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Miners upgrade their ProveCommitted CC Sectors by PreCommitting a Regular Sector, and specifying that it should replace an existing CC Sector. Once the Regular Sector is successfully ProveCommitted, it will replace the existing CC Sector. If the newly ProveCommitted Regular sector contains a Verified Client deal, i.e., a deal with higher Sector Quality, then the miner's storage power will increase accordingly.
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Upgrading capacity currently involves resealing, creating a unique representation of the data through a computationally intensive process. Looking ahead, committed capacity upgrades should eventually be possible without a reseal. A succinct and publicly verifiable proof that the committed capacity has been correctly replaced with replicated data should achieve this goal. However, this mechanism must be fully specified to preserve the security and incentives of the network before it can be implemented and is, therefore, left as a future improvement.
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Upgrading capacity currently involves resealing, that is, creating a unique representation of the new data included in the Sector through a computationally intensive process. Looking ahead, committed capacity upgrades should eventually be possible without a reseal. A succinct and publicly verifiable proof that the committed capacity has been correctly replaced with replicated data should achieve this goal. However, this mechanism must be fully specified to preserve the security and incentives of the network before it can be implemented and is, therefore, left as a future improvement.
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