diff --git a/.github/workflows/actions/build-core-stencil-prerelease/action.yml b/.github/workflows/actions/build-core-stencil-prerelease/action.yml
index d77adf74004..65043b88eaf 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/actions/build-core-stencil-prerelease/action.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/actions/build-core-stencil-prerelease/action.yml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: actions/setup-node@2028fbc5c25fe9cf00d9f06a71cc4710d4507903 # v6.0.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
diff --git a/.github/workflows/actions/build-core/action.yml b/.github/workflows/actions/build-core/action.yml
index e430d563ae9..b7f2c2ef18f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/actions/build-core/action.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/actions/build-core/action.yml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
   using: 'composite'
   steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: actions/setup-node@2028fbc5c25fe9cf00d9f06a71cc4710d4507903 # v6.0.0
       with:
         node-version: 24.x
diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 3e0ff766db6..3c423cc569e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
   build-core:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-core
         with:
           ionicons-version: ${{ inputs.ionicons_npm_release_tag }}
@@ -31,21 +31,21 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-clean-build
 
   test-core-lint:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-lint
 
   test-core-spec:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-spec
 
   test-core-screenshot:
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-screenshot
         with:
           shard: ${{ matrix.shard }}
@@ -90,14 +90,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue
 
   build-vue-router:
     needs: [build-vue]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue-router
 
   test-vue-e2e:
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-vue, build-vue-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-vue-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -126,14 +126,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular
 
   build-angular-server:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular-server
 
   test-angular-e2e:
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-angular, build-angular-server]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-angular-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -162,14 +162,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react
 
   build-react-router:
     needs: [build-react]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react-router
 
   test-react-router-e2e:
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-router-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 1e5f1cad4b4..272e705cf65 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       security-events: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: github/codeql-action/init@v4
         with:
           languages: javascript
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dev-build.yml b/.github/workflows/dev-build.yml
index 15861814e9d..0b4856a399d 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dev-build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dev-build.yml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       dev-hash: ${{ steps.create-dev-hash.outputs.DEV_HASH }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       # A 1 is required before the timestamp
       # as lerna will fail when there is a leading 0
       # See https://github.com/lerna/lerna/issues/2840
diff --git a/.github/workflows/nightly.yml b/.github/workflows/nightly.yml
index e44ba2d7516..fbbdfb8ac93 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/nightly.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/nightly.yml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ jobs:
     outputs:
       nightly-hash: ${{ steps.create-nightly-hash.outputs.NIGHTLY_HASH }}
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       # A 1 is required before the timestamp
       # as lerna will fail when there is a leading 0
       # See https://github.com/lerna/lerna/issues/2840
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml b/.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml
index b4470041ffb..e52b8a023b5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-ionic.yml
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ jobs:
   release-core:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/actions/publish-npm
       with:
         scope: '@ionic/core'
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - name: Restore @ionic/docs built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-react]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-vue]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - name: Restore @ionic/core built cache
       uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/download-archive
       with:
diff --git a/.github/workflows/release.yml b/.github/workflows/release.yml
index 650486bb981..6fcb4b7d5dc 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [release-ionic]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       with:
         token: ${{ secrets.IONITRON_TOKEN }}
         fetch-depth: 0
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [finalize-release]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
         # Pull the latest version of the reference
         # branch instead of the revision that triggered
         # the workflow otherwise we won't get the commit
diff --git a/.github/workflows/stencil-nightly.yml b/.github/workflows/stencil-nightly.yml
index 653d4060637..6af9474e350 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/stencil-nightly.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/stencil-nightly.yml
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
   build-core-with-stencil-nightly:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-core-stencil-prerelease
         with:
           stencil-version: ${{ inputs.npm_release_tag || 'nightly' }}
@@ -35,21 +35,21 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-clean-build
 
   test-core-lint:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-lint
 
   test-core-spec:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-spec
         with:
           stencil-version: ${{ inputs.npm_release_tag || 'nightly' }}
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-screenshot
         with:
           shard: ${{ matrix.shard }}
@@ -100,14 +100,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue
 
   build-vue-router:
     needs: [build-vue]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-vue-router
 
   test-vue-e2e:
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-vue, build-vue-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-vue-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -136,14 +136,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular
 
   build-angular-server:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-angular-server
 
   test-angular-e2e:
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-angular, build-angular-server]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-angular-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -172,14 +172,14 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core-with-stencil-nightly]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react
 
   build-react-router:
     needs: [build-react]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-react-router
 
   test-react-router-e2e:
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-router-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-react, build-react-router]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
     - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-react-e2e
       with:
         app: ${{ matrix.apps }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/update-screenshots.yml b/.github/workflows/update-screenshots.yml
index 967fd3965c4..8bd687d5b20 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/update-screenshots.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/update-screenshots.yml
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ jobs:
   build-core:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/build-core
 
   test-core-screenshot:
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
     needs: [build-core]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - uses: ./.github/workflows/actions/test-core-screenshot
         with:
           shard: ${{ matrix.shard }}
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: [test-core-screenshot]
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@93cb6efe18208431cddfb8368fd83d5badbf9bfd # v5.0.1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
         # Normally, we could just push with the
         # default GITHUB_TOKEN, but that will
         # not cause the build workflow