TableGen: Emit perfect hash function for runtime libcalls

a961210 reverted a change
to use a binary search on the string name table because it
was too slow. This replaces it with a static string hash
table based on the known set of libcall names. Microbenchmarking
shows this is similarly fast to using DenseMap. It's possibly
slightly slower than using StringSet, though these aren't an
exact comparison. This also saves on the one time use construction
of the map, so it could be better in practice.

This search isn't simple set check, since it does find the
range of possible matches with the same name. There's also
an additional check for whether the current target supports
the name. The runtime constructed set doesn't require this,
since it only adds the symbols live for the target.

Followed algorithm from this post
http://0x80.pl/notesen/2023-04-30-lookup-in-strings.html

I'm also thinking the 2 special case global symbols should
just be added to RuntimeLibcalls. There are also other global
references emitted in the backend that aren't tracked; we probably
should just use this as a centralized database for all compiler
selected symbols.

Author: arsenm

llvm/benchmarks/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -11,3 +11,20 @@ add_benchmark(FormatVariadicBM FormatVariadicBM.cpp PARTIAL_SOURCES_INTENDED)
 add_benchmark(GetIntrinsicInfoTableEntriesBM GetIntrinsicInfoTableEntriesBM.cpp PARTIAL_SOURCES_INTENDED)
 add_benchmark(SandboxIRBench SandboxIRBench.cpp PARTIAL_SOURCES_INTENDED)
 
+# Extract the list of symbols in a random utility as sample data.
+set(SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_FILE "sample_symbol_list.txt")
+set(SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_SOURCE_BINARY $<TARGET_FILE:llc>)
+
+add_custom_command(OUTPUT ${SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_FILE}
+  COMMAND $<TARGET_FILE:llvm-nm> --no-demangle --no-sort
+  --format=just-symbols
+  ${SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_SOURCE_BINARY} > ${SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_FILE}
+  DEPENDS "$<TARGET_FILE:llvm-nm>" "$<TARGET_FILE:llc>")
+
+add_custom_target(generate-runtime-libcalls-sample-symbol-list
+                  DEPENDS ${SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_FILE})
+add_benchmark(RuntimeLibcallsBench RuntimeLibcalls.cpp PARTIAL_SOURCES_INTENDED)
+
+add_dependencies(RuntimeLibcallsBench generate-runtime-libcalls-sample-symbol-list)
+target_compile_definitions(RuntimeLibcallsBench PRIVATE
+  -DSYMBOL_TEST_DATA_FILE="${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_FILE}")

llvm/benchmarks/RuntimeLibcalls.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+//
+// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
+
+#include "llvm/IR/RuntimeLibcalls.h"
+#include "benchmark/benchmark.h"
+#include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/Error.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/LineIterator.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
+#include "llvm/TargetParser/Triple.h"
+#include <random>
+#include <string>
+using namespace llvm;
+
+static constexpr unsigned MaxFuncNameSize = 53;
+
+static std::vector<StringRef> getLibcallNameStringRefs() {
+  std::vector<StringRef> Names(RTLIB::NumLibcallImpls);
+  // Keep the strlens on the StringRef construction out of the benchmark loop.
+  for (RTLIB::LibcallImpl LC : RTLIB::libcall_impls()) {
+    const char *Name = RTLIB::RuntimeLibcallsInfo::getLibcallImplName(LC);
+    Names[LC] = StringRef(Name);
+  }
+
+  return Names;
+}
+
+static std::vector<std::string> getRandomFuncNames() {
+  std::mt19937_64 Rng;
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<> StringLengthDistribution(1, MaxFuncNameSize);
+  std::uniform_int_distribution<> CharDistribution(1, 255);
+  int NumTestFuncs = 1 << 10;
+  std::vector<std::string> TestFuncNames(NumTestFuncs);
+
+  for (std::string &TestFuncName : TestFuncNames) {
+    for (int I = 0, E = StringLengthDistribution(Rng); I != E; ++I)
+      TestFuncName += static_cast<char>(CharDistribution(Rng));
+  }
+
+  return TestFuncNames;
+}
+
+static std::vector<std::string> readSymbolsFromFile(StringRef InputFile) {
+  auto BufOrError = MemoryBuffer::getFileOrSTDIN(InputFile, /*IsText=*/true);
+  if (!BufOrError) {
+    reportFatalUsageError("failed to open \'" + Twine(InputFile) +
+                          "\': " + BufOrError.getError().message());
+  }
+
+  // Hackily figure out if there's a prefix on the symbol names - llvm-nm
+  // appears to not have a flag to skip this.
+  llvm::Triple HostTriple(LLVM_HOST_TRIPLE);
+  std::string DummyDatalayout = "e";
+  DummyDatalayout += DataLayout::getManglingComponent(HostTriple);
+
+  DataLayout DL(DummyDatalayout);
+  char GlobalPrefix = DL.getGlobalPrefix();
+
+  std::vector<std::string> Lines;
+  for (line_iterator LineIt(**BufOrError, /*SkipBlanks=*/true);
+       !LineIt.is_at_eof(); ++LineIt) {
+    StringRef SymbolName = *LineIt;
+    SymbolName.consume_front(StringRef(&GlobalPrefix, 1));
+
+    Lines.push_back(SymbolName.str());
+  }
+  return Lines;
+}
+
+static void BM_LookupRuntimeLibcallByNameKnownCalls(benchmark::State &State) {
+  std::vector<StringRef> Names = getLibcallNameStringRefs();
+
+  for (auto _ : State) {
+    for (StringRef Name : Names) {
+      benchmark::DoNotOptimize(
+          RTLIB::RuntimeLibcallsInfo::lookupLibcallImplName(Name).empty());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+static void BM_LookupRuntimeLibcallByNameRandomCalls(benchmark::State &State) {
+  std::vector<std::string> TestFuncNames = getRandomFuncNames();
+
+  for (auto _ : State) {
+    for (const std::string &Name : TestFuncNames) {
+      benchmark::DoNotOptimize(
+          RTLIB::RuntimeLibcallsInfo::lookupLibcallImplName(StringRef(Name))
+              .empty());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// This isn't fully representative, it doesn't include any anonymous functions.
+// nm -n --no-demangle --format=just-symbols sample-binary > sample.txt
+static void BM_LookupRuntimeLibcallByNameSampleData(benchmark::State &State) {
+  std::vector<std::string> TestFuncNames =
+      readSymbolsFromFile(SYMBOL_TEST_DATA_FILE);
+  for (auto _ : State) {
+    for (const std::string &Name : TestFuncNames) {
+      benchmark::DoNotOptimize(
+          RTLIB::RuntimeLibcallsInfo::lookupLibcallImplName(StringRef(Name))
+              .empty());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK(BM_LookupRuntimeLibcallByNameKnownCalls);
+BENCHMARK(BM_LookupRuntimeLibcallByNameRandomCalls);
+BENCHMARK(BM_LookupRuntimeLibcallByNameSampleData);
+
+BENCHMARK_MAIN();

llvm/include/llvm/IR/RuntimeLibcalls.h

@@ -132,11 +132,41 @@ struct RuntimeLibcallsInfo {
     return ImplToLibcall[Impl];
   }
 
+  /// Check if a function name is a recognized runtime call of any kind. This
+  /// does not consider if this call is available for any current compilation,
+  /// just that it is a known call somewhere. This returns the set of all
+  /// LibcallImpls which match the name; multiple implementations with the same
+  /// name may exist but differ in interpretation based on the target context.
+  ///
+  /// Generated by tablegen.
+  LLVM_ABI static inline iota_range<RTLIB::LibcallImpl>
+  lookupLibcallImplName(StringRef Name){
+  // Inlining the early exit on the string name appears to be worthwhile when
+  // querying a real set of symbols
+#define GET_LOOKUP_LIBCALL_IMPL_NAME_BODY
+#include "llvm/IR/RuntimeLibcalls.inc"
+#undef GET_LOOKUP_LIBCALL_IMPL_NAME_BODY
+  }
+
   /// Check if this is valid libcall for the current module, otherwise
   /// RTLIB::Unsupported.
-  RTLIB::LibcallImpl getSupportedLibcallImpl(StringRef FuncName) const;
+  LLVM_ABI RTLIB::LibcallImpl
+      getSupportedLibcallImpl(StringRef FuncName) const {
+    for (RTLIB::LibcallImpl Impl : lookupLibcallImplName(FuncName)) {
+      // FIXME: This should not depend on looking up ImplToLibcall, only the
+      // list of libcalls for the module.
+      RTLIB::LibcallImpl Recognized = LibcallImpls[ImplToLibcall[Impl]];
+      if (Recognized != RTLIB::Unsupported)
+        return Recognized;
+    }
+
+    return RTLIB::Unsupported;
+  }
 
 private:
+  LLVM_ABI static iota_range<RTLIB::LibcallImpl>
+  lookupLibcallImplNameImpl(StringRef Name);
+
   static const RTLIB::LibcallImpl
       DefaultLibcallImpls[RTLIB::UNKNOWN_LIBCALL + 1];
 
@@ -160,13 +190,11 @@ struct RuntimeLibcallsInfo {
   /// Map from a concrete LibcallImpl implementation to its RTLIB::Libcall kind.
   LLVM_ABI static const RTLIB::Libcall ImplToLibcall[RTLIB::NumLibcallImpls];
 
-  /// Check if a function name is a recognized runtime call of any kind. This
-  /// does not consider if this call is available for any current compilation,
-  /// just that it is a known call somewhere. This returns the set of all
-  /// LibcallImpls which match the name; multiple implementations with the same
-  /// name may exist but differ in interpretation based on the target context.
-  LLVM_ABI static iterator_range<ArrayRef<uint16_t>::const_iterator>
-  getRecognizedLibcallImpls(StringRef FuncName);
+  /// Utility function for tablegenerated lookup function. Return a range of
+  /// enum values that apply for the function name at \p NameOffsetEntry with
+  /// the value \p StrOffset.
+  static inline iota_range<RTLIB::LibcallImpl>
+  libcallImplNameHit(uint16_t NameOffsetEntry, uint16_t StrOffset);
 
   static bool darwinHasSinCosStret(const Triple &TT) {
     if (!TT.isOSDarwin())

llvm/lib/IR/RuntimeLibcalls.cpp

@@ -8,15 +8,18 @@
 
 #include "llvm/IR/RuntimeLibcalls.h"
 #include "llvm/ADT/StringTable.h"
+#include "llvm/Support/xxhash.h"
 
 using namespace llvm;
 using namespace RTLIB;
 
 #define GET_INIT_RUNTIME_LIBCALL_NAMES
 #define GET_SET_TARGET_RUNTIME_LIBCALL_SETS
+#define DEFINE_GET_LOOKUP_LIBCALL_IMPL_NAME
 #include "llvm/IR/RuntimeLibcalls.inc"
 #undef GET_INIT_RUNTIME_LIBCALL_NAMES
 #undef GET_SET_TARGET_RUNTIME_LIBCALL_SETS
+#undef DEFINE_GET_LOOKUP_LIBCALL_IMPL_NAME
 
 static void setARMLibcallNames(RuntimeLibcallsInfo &Info, const Triple &TT,
                                FloatABI::ABIType FloatABIType,
@@ -135,49 +138,22 @@ void RuntimeLibcallsInfo::initLibcalls(const Triple &TT,
   }
 }
 
-RTLIB::LibcallImpl
-RuntimeLibcallsInfo::getSupportedLibcallImpl(StringRef FuncName) const {
-  const ArrayRef<uint16_t> RuntimeLibcallNameOffsets(
-      RuntimeLibcallNameOffsetTable);
-
-  iterator_range<ArrayRef<uint16_t>::const_iterator> Range =
-      getRecognizedLibcallImpls(FuncName);
-
-  for (auto I = Range.begin(); I != Range.end(); ++I) {
-    RTLIB::LibcallImpl Impl =
-        static_cast<RTLIB::LibcallImpl>(I - RuntimeLibcallNameOffsets.begin());
-
-    // FIXME: This should not depend on looking up ImplToLibcall, only the list
-    // of libcalls for the module.
-    RTLIB::LibcallImpl Recognized = LibcallImpls[ImplToLibcall[Impl]];
-    if (Recognized != RTLIB::Unsupported)
-      return Recognized;
+LLVM_ATTRIBUTE_ALWAYS_INLINE
+iota_range<RTLIB::LibcallImpl>
+RuntimeLibcallsInfo::libcallImplNameHit(uint16_t NameOffsetEntry,
+                                        uint16_t StrOffset) {
+  int NumAliases = 1;
+  for (int E = std::size(RuntimeLibcallNameOffsetTable);
+       NameOffsetEntry + NumAliases != E &&
+       RuntimeLibcallNameOffsetTable[NameOffsetEntry + NumAliases] == StrOffset;
+       ++NumAliases) {
   }
 
-  return RTLIB::Unsupported;
-}
-
-iterator_range<ArrayRef<uint16_t>::const_iterator>
-RuntimeLibcallsInfo::getRecognizedLibcallImpls(StringRef FuncName) {
-  StringTable::Iterator It = lower_bound(RuntimeLibcallImplNameTable, FuncName);
-  if (It == RuntimeLibcallImplNameTable.end() || *It != FuncName)
-    return iterator_range(ArrayRef<uint16_t>());
-
-  uint16_t IndexVal = It.offset().value();
-  const ArrayRef<uint16_t> TableRef(RuntimeLibcallNameOffsetTable);
-
-  ArrayRef<uint16_t>::const_iterator E = TableRef.end();
-  ArrayRef<uint16_t>::const_iterator EntriesBegin =
-      std::lower_bound(TableRef.begin(), E, IndexVal);
-  ArrayRef<uint16_t>::const_iterator EntriesEnd = EntriesBegin;
-
-  while (EntriesEnd != E && *EntriesEnd == IndexVal)
-    ++EntriesEnd;
-
-  assert(EntriesBegin != E &&
-         "libcall found in name table but not offset table");
-
-  return make_range(EntriesBegin, EntriesEnd);
+  RTLIB::LibcallImpl ImplStart = static_cast<RTLIB::LibcallImpl>(
+      &RuntimeLibcallNameOffsetTable[NameOffsetEntry] -
+      &RuntimeLibcallNameOffsetTable[0]);
+  return enum_seq(ImplStart,
+                  static_cast<RTLIB::LibcallImpl>(ImplStart + NumAliases));
 }
 
 bool RuntimeLibcallsInfo::darwinHasExp10(const Triple &TT) {

llvm/lib/Object/IRSymtab.cpp

@@ -54,6 +54,11 @@ static const char *PreservedSymbols[] = {
     "__stack_chk_guard",
 };
 
+static bool isPreservedGlobalVarName(StringRef Name) {
+  return StringRef(PreservedSymbols[0]) == Name ||
+         StringRef(PreservedSymbols[1]) == Name;
+}
+
 namespace {
 
 const char *getExpectedProducerName() {
@@ -81,12 +86,16 @@ struct Builder {
   // The StringTableBuilder does not create a copy of any strings added to it,
   // so this provides somewhere to store any strings that we create.
   Builder(SmallVector<char, 0> &Symtab, StringTableBuilder &StrtabBuilder,
-          BumpPtrAllocator &Alloc)
-      : Symtab(Symtab), StrtabBuilder(StrtabBuilder), Saver(Alloc) {}
+          BumpPtrAllocator &Alloc, const Triple &TT)
+      : Symtab(Symtab), StrtabBuilder(StrtabBuilder), Saver(Alloc), TT(TT),
+        Libcalls(TT) {}
 
   DenseMap<const Comdat *, int> ComdatMap;
   Mangler Mang;
-  Triple TT;
+  const Triple &TT;
+
+  // FIXME: This shouldn't be here.
+  RTLIB::RuntimeLibcallsInfo Libcalls;
 
   std::vector<storage::Comdat> Comdats;
   std::vector<storage::Module> Mods;
@@ -98,6 +107,10 @@ struct Builder {
 
   std::vector<storage::Str> DependentLibraries;
 
+  bool isPreservedLibFuncName(StringRef Name) {
+    return Libcalls.getSupportedLibcallImpl(Name) != RTLIB::Unsupported;
+  }
+
   void setStr(storage::Str &S, StringRef Value) {
     S.Offset = StrtabBuilder.add(Value);
     S.Size = Value.size();
@@ -213,19 +226,6 @@ Expected<int> Builder::getComdatIndex(const Comdat *C, const Module *M) {
   return P.first->second;
 }
 
-static StringSet<> buildPreservedSymbolsSet(const Triple &TT) {
-  StringSet<> PreservedSymbolSet;
-  PreservedSymbolSet.insert(std::begin(PreservedSymbols),
-                            std::end(PreservedSymbols));
-  // FIXME: Do we need to pass in ABI fields from TargetOptions?
-  RTLIB::RuntimeLibcallsInfo Libcalls(TT);
-  for (RTLIB::LibcallImpl Impl : Libcalls.getLibcallImpls()) {
-    if (Impl != RTLIB::Unsupported)
-      PreservedSymbolSet.insert(Libcalls.getLibcallImplName(Impl));
-  }
-  return PreservedSymbolSet;
-}
-
 Error Builder::addSymbol(const ModuleSymbolTable &Msymtab,
                          const SmallPtrSet<GlobalValue *, 4> &Used,
                          ModuleSymbolTable::Symbol Msym) {
@@ -279,13 +279,11 @@ Error Builder::addSymbol(const ModuleSymbolTable &Msymtab,
     return Error::success();
   }
 
-  setStr(Sym.IRName, GV->getName());
-
-  static const StringSet<> PreservedSymbolsSet =
-      buildPreservedSymbolsSet(GV->getParent()->getTargetTriple());
-  bool IsPreservedSymbol = PreservedSymbolsSet.contains(GV->getName());
+  StringRef GVName = GV->getName();
+  setStr(Sym.IRName, GVName);
 
-  if (Used.count(GV) || IsPreservedSymbol)
+  if (Used.count(GV) || isPreservedLibFuncName(GVName) ||
+      isPreservedGlobalVarName(GVName))
     Sym.Flags |= 1 << storage::Symbol::FB_used;
   if (GV->isThreadLocal())
     Sym.Flags |= 1 << storage::Symbol::FB_tls;
@@ -352,7 +350,6 @@ Error Builder::build(ArrayRef<Module *> IRMods) {
   setStr(Hdr.Producer, kExpectedProducerName);
   setStr(Hdr.TargetTriple, IRMods[0]->getTargetTriple().str());
   setStr(Hdr.SourceFileName, IRMods[0]->getSourceFileName());
-  TT = IRMods[0]->getTargetTriple();
 
   for (auto *M : IRMods)
     if (Error Err = addModule(M))
@@ -378,7 +375,8 @@ Error Builder::build(ArrayRef<Module *> IRMods) {
 Error irsymtab::build(ArrayRef<Module *> Mods, SmallVector<char, 0> &Symtab,
                       StringTableBuilder &StrtabBuilder,
                       BumpPtrAllocator &Alloc) {
-  return Builder(Symtab, StrtabBuilder, Alloc).build(Mods);
+  const Triple &TT = Mods[0]->getTargetTriple();
+  return Builder(Symtab, StrtabBuilder, Alloc, TT).build(Mods);
 }
 
 // Upgrade a vector of bitcode modules created by an old version of LLVM by