diff --git a/double/README.mbt.md b/double/README.mbt.md
index cb2a02886..aeb18059d 100644
--- a/double/README.mbt.md
+++ b/double/README.mbt.md
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ test "basic operations" {
   inspect(Double::trunc(3.7), content="3")
 
   // Pow function
-  inspect(Double::pow(2.0, 3), content="8")
+  inspect(@math.pow(2.0, 3), content="8")
 
   // Sign
   inspect(Double::signum(-3.14), content="-1")
@@ -80,13 +80,13 @@ test "binary representation" {
   // Convert to big-endian and little-endian bytes
   // Different byte orders should produce different results
   inspect(
-    num.to_be_bytes(),
+    num.to_be_bytes_local(),
     content=(
       #|b"?\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
     ),
   )
   inspect(
-    num.to_le_bytes(),
+    num.to_le_bytes_local(),
     content=(
       #|b"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xf0?"
     ),
diff --git a/double/double.mbt b/double/double.mbt
index 2ce769002..28fc94042 100644
--- a/double/double.mbt
+++ b/double/double.mbt
@@ -256,17 +256,8 @@ pub fn Double::is_close(
 /// Returns a sequence of 8 bytes representing the double-precision
 /// floating-point number in big-endian byte order.
 ///
-/// Example:
-///
-/// ```moonbit
-/// let d = 1.0
-/// inspect(
-///   d.to_be_bytes(),
-///   content=(
-///     #|b"?\xf0\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00"
-///   ),
-/// )
-/// ```
+#deprecated
+#doc(hidden)
 pub fn Double::to_be_bytes(self : Double) -> Bytes {
   self.reinterpret_as_uint64().to_be_bytes()
 }
@@ -282,17 +273,8 @@ pub fn Double::to_be_bytes(self : Double) -> Bytes {
 /// Returns a sequence of 8 bytes representing the double-precision
 /// floating-point number in little-endian order.
 ///
-/// Example:
-///
-/// ```moonbit
-/// let d = 1.0
-/// inspect(
-///   d.to_le_bytes(),
-///   content=(
-///     #|b"\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xf0?"
-///   ),
-/// )
-/// ```
+#deprecated
+#doc(hidden)
 pub fn Double::to_le_bytes(self : Double) -> Bytes {
   self.reinterpret_as_uint64().to_le_bytes()
 }
diff --git a/double/double_test.mbt b/double/double_test.mbt
index bd92c0b4f..7f1440104 100644
--- a/double/double_test.mbt
+++ b/double/double_test.mbt
@@ -73,11 +73,27 @@ test "panic is_close with invalid relative and absolute tolerances" {
   ignore(1.0.is_close(1.0, relative_tolerance=-1.0, absolute_tolerance=-1.0))
 }
 
+///|
+fn Double::to_le_bytes_local(self : Double) -> Bytes {
+  // self.reinterpret_as_uint64().to_le_bytes()
+  let buf = @buffer.new(size_hint=8)
+  buf.write_uint64_le(self.reinterpret_as_uint64())
+  return buf.to_bytes()
+}
+
+///|
+fn Double::to_be_bytes_local(self : Double) -> Bytes {
+  // self.reinterpret_as_uint64().to_be_bytes()
+  let buf = @buffer.new(size_hint=8)
+  buf.write_uint64_be(self.reinterpret_as_uint64())
+  return buf.to_bytes()
+}
+
 ///|
 test "to_be_bytes with negative number" {
   let d = -123.456
   inspect(
-    d.to_be_bytes(),
+    d.to_be_bytes_local(),
     content=(
       #|b"\xc0^\xdd/\x1a\x9f\xbew"
     ),
@@ -87,7 +103,7 @@ test "to_be_bytes with negative number" {
 ///|
 test "to_le_bytes with infinity" {
   inspect(
-    (1.0 / 0.0).to_le_bytes(),
+    (1.0 / 0.0).to_le_bytes_local(),
     content="b\"\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\xf0\\x7f\"",
   )
 }
diff --git a/double/internal/ryu/common.mbt b/double/internal/ryu/common.mbt
deleted file mode 100644
index 0e661956e..000000000
--- a/double/internal/ryu/common.mbt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2025 International Digital Economy Academy
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-// Returns e == 0 ? 1 : ceil(log_2(5^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 3528.
-
-///|
-fn pow5bits(e : Int) -> Int {
-  ((e * 1217359).reinterpret_as_uint() >> 19).reinterpret_as_int() + 1
-}
-
-///|
-fn copy_special_str(sign : Bool, exponent : Bool, mantissa : Bool) -> String {
-  if mantissa {
-    return "NaN"
-  }
-  let s = if sign { "-" } else { "" }
-  if exponent {
-    return s + "Infinity"
-  }
-  return s + "0.0"
-}
-
-// Returns floor(log_10(5^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 2620.
-
-///|
-fn log10Pow5(e : Int) -> Int {
-  ((e * 732923).reinterpret_as_uint() >> 20).reinterpret_as_int()
-}
-
-// Returns floor(log_10(2^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 1650.
-
-///|
-fn log10Pow2(e : Int) -> Int {
-  ((e * 78913).reinterpret_as_uint() >> 18).reinterpret_as_int()
-}
diff --git a/double/internal/ryu/ryu.mbt b/double/internal/ryu/ryu.mbt
index e4322615e..f4da2ab60 100644
--- a/double/internal/ryu/ryu.mbt
+++ b/double/internal/ryu/ryu.mbt
@@ -12,6 +12,39 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
+// Returns e == 0 ? 1 : ceil(log_2(5^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 3528.
+
+///|
+fn pow5bits(e : Int) -> Int {
+  ((e * 1217359).reinterpret_as_uint() >> 19).reinterpret_as_int() + 1
+}
+
+///|
+fn copy_special_str(sign : Bool, exponent : Bool, mantissa : Bool) -> String {
+  if mantissa {
+    return "NaN"
+  }
+  let s = if sign { "-" } else { "" }
+  if exponent {
+    return s + "Infinity"
+  }
+  return s + "0.0"
+}
+
+// Returns floor(log_10(5^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 2620.
+
+///|
+fn log10Pow5(e : Int) -> Int {
+  ((e * 732923).reinterpret_as_uint() >> 20).reinterpret_as_int()
+}
+
+// Returns floor(log_10(2^e)); requires 0 <= e <= 1650.
+
+///|
+fn log10Pow2(e : Int) -> Int {
+  ((e * 78913).reinterpret_as_uint() >> 18).reinterpret_as_int()
+}
+
 // MoonBit implementation of Ryu, https://github.com/ulfjack/ryu
 // This is a fork of the ryu crate adjusted to comply to the ECMAScript number-to-string algorithm,
 
diff --git a/double/moon.pkg.json b/double/moon.pkg.json
index 716f648d6..dc337c8de 100644
--- a/double/moon.pkg.json
+++ b/double/moon.pkg.json
@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 {
   "import": [
     "moonbitlang/core/builtin",
-    "moonbitlang/core/int64",
     "moonbitlang/core/uint64",
     "moonbitlang/core/double/internal/ryu"
   ],
-  "test-import": ["moonbitlang/core/bytes"],
+  "test-import": [
+    "moonbitlang/core/bytes",
+    "moonbitlang/core/buffer",
+    "moonbitlang/core/math"
+  ],
   "targets": {
     "exp_js.mbt": ["js"],
     "exp_nonjs.mbt": ["not", "js"],
diff --git a/double/pkg.generated.mbti b/double/pkg.generated.mbti
index f5ee58e86..716198940 100644
--- a/double/pkg.generated.mbti
+++ b/double/pkg.generated.mbti
@@ -42,8 +42,6 @@ fn Double::pow(Double, Double) -> Double
 #as_free_fn
 fn Double::round(Double) -> Double
 fn Double::signum(Double) -> Double
-fn Double::to_be_bytes(Double) -> Bytes
-fn Double::to_le_bytes(Double) -> Bytes
 fn Double::to_string(Double) -> String
 fn Double::to_uint(Double) -> UInt
 #as_free_fn
diff --git a/double/pow_nonjs.mbt b/double/pow_nonjs.mbt
index f62f6a252..2534cfd47 100644
--- a/double/pow_nonjs.mbt
+++ b/double/pow_nonjs.mbt
@@ -119,18 +119,8 @@ const POW_ivln2_l = 1.92596299112661746887e-08
 ///
 /// Returns the result of raising `base` to the power of `exponent`.
 ///
-/// Example:
-///
-/// ```moonbit
-///   let x = 2.0
-///   inspect(x.pow(3.0), content="8")
-///   inspect(x.pow(0.5), content="1.4142135623730951")
-///   inspect(x.pow(0.0), content="1")
-///   inspect((-1.0).pow(2.0), content="1")
-///   inspect(0.0.pow(0.0), content="1")
-///   inspect(@double.infinity.pow(-1.0), content="0")
-/// ```
 #as_free_fn
+#deprecated("Use the free function `@math.pow` instead.")
 pub fn Double::pow(self : Double, other : Double) -> Double {
   fn set_low_word(d : Double, v : UInt) -> Double {
     let bits : UInt64 = d.reinterpret_as_uint64()
diff --git a/double/pow_test.mbt b/double/pow_test.mbt
deleted file mode 100644
index cd8f1272d..000000000
--- a/double/pow_test.mbt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,976 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2025 International Digital Economy Academy
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-///|
-test "pow" {
-  let test_cases = [
-    (1.1, 1.1, 1.1105342410545758),
-    (1.1, 2.2, 1.2332863005546628),
-    (1.1, 3.3, 1.3696066657894779),
-    (1.1, 4.4, 1.5209950991358059),
-    (1.1, 5.5, 1.6891171380665115),
-    (1.1, 1.0e-5, 1.0000009531022522),
-    (1.1, 2.1e-6, 1.0000002001513977),
-    (1.1, 3.2e-7, 1.000000030499258),
-    (1.1, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000040983377),
-    (1.1, 5.4e-9, 1.000000000514675),
-    (1.1, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
-    (1.1, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
-    (1.1, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
-    (1.1, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
-    (1.1, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
-    (1.1, -1.3, 0.8834653263771346),
-    (1.1, -2.4, 0.795531820376998),
-    (1.1, -3.5, 0.7163505554061548),
-    (1.1, -4.6, 0.6450503990997164),
-    (1.1, -5.7, 0.5808469250683971),
-    (1.1, -1.3e-7, 0.9999999876096767),
-    (1.1, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999977125557),
-    (1.1, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999996664144),
-    (1.1, -4.6e-10, 0.9999999999561573),
-    (1.1, -5.7e-11, 0.9999999999945673),
-    (1.1, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (1.1, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (1.1, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (1.1, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (1.1, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (1.1, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (1.1, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (1.1, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-    (2.2, 1.1, 2.3804822576003546),
-    (2.2, 2.2, 5.66669577875008),
-    (2.2, 3.3, 13.489468760533386),
-    (2.2, 4.4, 32.111441048903984),
-    (2.2, 5.5, 76.44071568289563),
-    (2.2, 1.0e-5, 1.000007884604687),
-    (2.2, 2.1e-6, 1.0000016557618276),
-    (2.2, 3.2e-7, 1.0000002523063871),
-    (2.2, 4.3e-8, 1.000000033903667),
-    (2.2, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000042576698),
-    (2.2, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
-    (2.2, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
-    (2.2, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
-    (2.2, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
-    (2.2, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
-    (2.2, -1.3, 0.35879841422373565),
-    (2.2, -2.4, 0.15072509491644878),
-    (2.2, -3.5, 0.0633170419293052),
-    (2.2, -4.6, 0.026598409514352772),
-    (2.2, -5.7, 0.011173538231352035),
-    (2.2, -1.3e-7, 0.9999998975005484),
-    (2.2, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999810770235),
-    (2.2, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999972403992),
-    (2.2, -4.6e-10, 0.9999999996373096),
-    (2.2, -5.7e-11, 0.999999999955058),
-    (2.2, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (2.2, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (2.2, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (2.2, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (2.2, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (2.2, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (2.2, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (2.2, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-    (3.3, 1.1, 3.718479005997499),
-    (3.3, 2.2, 13.827086118044146),
-    (3.3, 3.3, 51.415729444066585),
-    (3.3, 4.4, 191.18831051580915),
-    (3.3, 5.5, 710.9297188451668),
-    (3.3, 1.0e-5, 1.0000119392959574),
-    (3.3, 2.1e-6, 1.000002507240327),
-    (3.3, 3.2e-7, 1.000000382055263),
-    (3.3, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000513386675),
-    (3.3, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000064471815),
-    (3.3, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
-    (3.3, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
-    (3.3, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
-    (3.3, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
-    (3.3, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
-    (3.3, -1.3, 0.21180288829407456),
-    (3.3, -2.4, 0.05695954930832198),
-    (3.3, -3.5, 0.015317969851773392),
-    (3.3, -4.6, 0.0041194181349598034),
-    (3.3, -5.7, 0.0011078234214353857),
-    (3.3, -1.3e-7, 0.9999998447900912),
-    (3.3, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999713458612),
-    (3.3, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999958212714),
-    (3.3, -4.6e-10, 0.9999999994507957),
-    (3.3, -5.7e-11, 0.9999999999319464),
-    (3.3, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (3.3, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (3.3, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (3.3, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (3.3, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (3.3, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (3.3, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (3.3, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-    (4.4, 1.1, 5.102675423469089),
-    (4.4, 2.2, 26.037296477275444),
-    (4.4, 3.3, 132.8598728281716),
-    (4.4, 4.4, 677.9408078455402),
-    (4.4, 5.5, 3459.3118987602156),
-    (4.4, 1.0e-5, 1.0000148161551674),
-    (4.4, 2.1e-6, 1.0000031113743764),
-    (4.4, 3.2e-7, 1.0000004741135655),
-    (4.4, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000637089972),
-    (4.4, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000080006646),
-    (4.4, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
-    (4.4, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
-    (4.4, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
-    (4.4, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
-    (4.4, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
-    (4.4, -1.3, 0.14571743588102323),
-    (4.4, -2.4, 0.0285570654192142),
-    (4.4, -3.5, 0.005596488714110584),
-    (4.4, -4.6, 0.0010967753677551722),
-    (4.4, -5.7, 0.00021494123704413892),
-    (4.4, -1.3e-7, 0.9999998073914282),
-    (4.4, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999644414916),
-    (4.4, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999948143842),
-    (4.4, -4.6e-10, 0.999999999318462),
-    (4.4, -5.7e-11, 0.9999999999155486),
-    (4.4, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (4.4, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (4.4, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (4.4, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (4.4, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (4.4, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (4.4, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (4.4, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-    (5.5, 1.1, 6.522272782452906),
-    (5.5, 2.2, 42.54004224872598),
-    (5.5, 3.3, 277.457759723262),
-    (5.5, 4.4, 1809.655194523391),
-    (5.5, 5.5, 11803.064820864423),
-    (5.5, 1.0e-5, 1.0000170476262316),
-    (5.5, 2.1e-6, 1.0000035799774019),
-    (5.5, 3.2e-7, 1.0000005455195382),
-    (5.5, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000733041707),
-    (5.5, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000092056398),
-    (5.5, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
-    (5.5, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
-    (5.5, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
-    (5.5, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
-    (5.5, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
-    (5.5, -1.3, 0.10902560458273548),
-    (5.5, -2.4, 0.016715891564065034),
-    (5.5, -3.5, 0.002562893660172627),
-    (5.5, -4.6, 0.00039294487453325625),
-    (5.5, -5.7, 0.00006024661764997149),
-    (5.5, -1.3e-7, 0.9999997783827725),
-    (5.5, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999590860467),
-    (5.5, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999940333817),
-    (5.5, -4.6e-10, 0.9999999992158158),
-    (5.5, -5.7e-11, 0.9999999999028294),
-    (5.5, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (5.5, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (5.5, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (5.5, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (5.5, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (5.5, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (5.5, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (5.5, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-    (1.0e-5, 1.1, 0.0000031622776601683762),
-    (1.0e-5, 2.2, 9.999999999999982e-12),
-    (1.0e-5, 3.3, 3.162277660168387e-17),
-    (1.0e-5, 4.4, 9.999999999999963e-23),
-    (1.0e-5, 5.5, 3.1622776601683807e-28),
-    (1.0e-5, 1.0e-5, 0.9998848773724686),
-    (1.0e-5, 2.1e-6, 0.9999758231487883),
-    (1.0e-5, 3.2e-7, 0.9999963158706376),
-    (1.0e-5, 4.3e-8, 0.9999995049443275),
-    (1.0e-5, 5.4e-9, 0.9999999378302045),
-    (1.0e-5, 1.2e5, 0),
-    (1.0e-5, 2.3e6, 0),
-    (1.0e-5, 3.4e7, 0),
-    (1.0e-5, 4.5e8, 0),
-    (1.0e-5, 5.6e9, 0),
-    (1.0e-5, -1.3, 3162277.6601683805),
-    (1.0e-5, -2.4, 999999999999.9988),
-    (1.0e-5, -3.5, 316227766016837800),
-    (1.0e-5, -4.6, 9.999999999999956e+22),
-    (1.0e-5, -5.7, 3.1622776601683843e+28),
-    (1.0e-5, -1.3e-7, 1.0000014966814306),
-    (1.0e-5, -2.4e-8, 1.0000002763102493),
-    (1.0e-5, -3.5e-9, 1.00000004029524),
-    (1.0e-5, -4.6e-10, 1.0000000052959457),
-    (1.0e-5, -5.7e-11, 1.0000000006562368),
-    (1.0e-5, -1.7e5, @double.infinity),
-    (1.0e-5, -2.8e6, @double.infinity),
-    (1.0e-5, -3.9e7, @double.infinity),
-    (1.0e-5, -4.0e8, @double.infinity),
-    (1.0e-5, -5.1e9, @double.infinity),
-    (1.0e-5, @double.infinity, 0),
-    (1.0e-5, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
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-    (-5.1e9, -2.4e-8, @double.not_a_number),
-    (-5.1e9, -3.5e-9, @double.not_a_number),
-    (-5.1e9, -4.6e-10, @double.not_a_number),
-    (-5.1e9, -5.7e-11, @double.not_a_number),
-    (-5.1e9, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (-5.1e9, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (-5.1e9, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (-5.1e9, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (-5.1e9, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (-5.1e9, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (-5.1e9, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (-5.1e9, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, 1.1, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 2.2, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 3.3, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 4.4, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 5.5, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 1.0e-5, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 2.1e-6, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 3.2e-7, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 4.3e-8, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 5.4e-9, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, -1.3, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -2.4, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -3.5, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -4.6, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -5.7, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -1.3e-7, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -2.4e-8, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -3.5e-9, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -4.6e-10, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -5.7e-11, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (@double.infinity, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.infinity, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.infinity, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-    (@double.not_a_number, 1.1, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.not_a_number, 2.2, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.not_a_number, 3.3, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.not_a_number, -4.0e8, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.not_a_number, -5.1e9, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.not_a_number, @double.infinity, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.not_a_number, @double.neg_infinity, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, 1.1, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -1.3, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -2.4, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -3.5, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -4.6, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -5.7, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -1.3e-7, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -2.4e-8, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -3.5e-9, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -4.6e-10, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -5.7e-11, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -1.7e5, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -2.8e6, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -3.9e7, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -4.0e8, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, -5.1e9, 0),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
-    (@double.neg_infinity, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
-  ]
-  fn is_accept(actual : Double, expect : Double) -> Bool {
-    if expect.is_nan() {
-      return actual.is_nan()
-    }
-    if expect.is_pos_inf() {
-      return actual.is_pos_inf()
-    }
-    if expect.is_neg_inf() {
-      return actual.is_neg_inf()
-    }
-    let actual = actual.reinterpret_as_int64()
-    let expected = expect.reinterpret_as_int64()
-    (actual - expected).abs() <= 2
-  }
-
-  for case in test_cases {
-    let (a, b, expect) = case
-    let actual = a.pow(b)
-    assert_true(
-      is_accept(actual, expect),
-      msg="Test failed: \{a} ** \{b} = \{actual}, expected \{expect}",
-    )
-  }
-}
diff --git a/float/pow.mbt b/float/pow.mbt
index 68b64927c..2a7122789 100644
--- a/float/pow.mbt
+++ b/float/pow.mbt
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 ///   inspect((1.0 : Float).pow(-1.0), content="1")
 /// ```
 #as_free_fn
+#deprecated("Use @math.powf(base, exponent) instead.")
 pub fn Float::pow(self : Float, other : Float) -> Float {
   Float::from_double(self.to_double().pow(other.to_double()))
 }
diff --git a/math/pow_test.mbt b/math/pow_test.mbt
index 5a541f970..cd8f1272d 100644
--- a/math/pow_test.mbt
+++ b/math/pow_test.mbt
@@ -13,166 +13,964 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 ///|
-test "scalbn comprehensive" {
-  // Basic tests for scalbnf
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(1.5, 2), content="6")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(2.0, -1), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(3.0, 0), content="3")
-
-  // Test extreme exponent values
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(1.0, 128), content="Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(1.0, -150), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(1.0, 254), content="Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(1.0, -199), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(1.0, 307), content="Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(1.0, -296), content="0")
-
-  // Test with special values
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(@float.infinity, 10), content="Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(@float.neg_infinity, 10), content="-Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(@float.not_a_number, 10), content="NaN")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(0.0, 10), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(-0.0, 10), content="0")
-
-  // Test with different float values
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(0.5, 1), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(0.25, 2), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(0.1, 4), content="1.600000023841858")
-
-  // Test with negative numbers
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(-2.0, 3), content="-16")
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(-3.0, -1), content="-1.5")
-
-  // Test with small numbers
-  let small_number = 1.0e-20
-  let small_float = Float::from_double(small_number)
-  inspect(@math.scalbnf(small_float, 1), content="1.999999936531045e-20")
-}
-
-///|
-test "pow basic" {
-  // Basic tests for @math.powf
-  inspect(@math.powf(1.0, 3.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(-1.0, 3.0), content="-1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(2.0, 3.0), content="8")
-  inspect(@math.powf(-2.0, 3.0), content="-8")
-  inspect(@math.powf(2.0, -3.0), content="0.125")
-  inspect(@math.powf(-2.0, -3.0), content="-0.125")
-  inspect(@math.powf(2.0, -3.14), content="0.1134398877620697")
-  inspect(@math.powf(-2.0, -3.14), content="NaN")
-
-  // Test with special values
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.infinity, 3.0), content="Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.infinity, -3.0), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.infinity, 0.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.neg_infinity, 3.0), content="-Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.neg_infinity, -3.0), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.neg_infinity, 0.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.not_a_number, 3.0), content="NaN")
-}
-
-///|
-test "pow special cases" {
-  // Test x^0 for various x values
-  inspect(@math.powf(0.0, 0.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(1.0, 0.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(-1.0, 0.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.infinity, 0.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.neg_infinity, 0.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.not_a_number, 0.0), content="1")
-
-  // Test 0^y for various y values
-  inspect(@math.powf(0.0, 1.0), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.powf(0.0, 2.0), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.powf(0.0, -1.0), content="Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.powf(0.0, -2.0), content="Infinity")
-  inspect(@math.powf(0.0, 0.5), content="0")
-  inspect(@math.powf(0.0, -0.5), content="Infinity")
-
-  // Test negative base with non-integer exponent
-  inspect(@math.powf(-1.0, 0.5), content="NaN")
-  inspect(@math.powf(-2.0, 0.5), content="NaN")
-
-  // Test 1^y for various y values
-  inspect(@math.powf(1.0, 10.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(1.0, -10.0), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(1.0, @float.infinity), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(1.0, @float.neg_infinity), content="1")
-  inspect(@math.powf(1.0, @float.not_a_number), content="1")
-
-  // Test x^NaN
-  inspect(@math.powf(2.0, @float.not_a_number), content="NaN")
-  inspect(@math.powf(-2.0, @float.not_a_number), content="NaN")
-
-  // Test NaN^y (except for y=0, tested above)
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.not_a_number, 1.0), content="NaN")
-  inspect(@math.powf(@float.not_a_number, -1.0), content="NaN")
-}
-
-///|
-test "pow edge cases" {
-  // Test cases with very large exponents
-  assert_true(@math.powf(1.2, 100.0).is_close(82818304.0))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(0.8, 100.0).is_close(2.0370390096946522e-10))
-
-  // Test cases with very small exponents
-  assert_true(@math.powf(1.2, -100.0).is_close(1.2074625743707657e-8))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(0.8, -100.0).is_close(4909086208.0))
-
-  // Test cases with small base
-  let small_flt = 1.0e-5F
-  assert_true(@math.powf(small_flt, 2.0).is_close(9.999999439624929e-11))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(small_flt, 0.5).is_close(0.003162277629598975))
-
-  // Test cases with large base
-  let large_flt : Float = 1.0e5
-  assert_true(@math.powf(large_flt, 2.0).is_close(10000000000.0))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(large_flt, 0.5).is_close(316.2277526855469))
-
-  // Test negative exponent with negative base (where exponent is integer)
-  assert_true(@math.powf(-2.0, -4.0).is_close(0.0625))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(-2.0, -5.0).is_close(-0.03125))
-
-  // Test fractional exponents with positive base
-  assert_true(@math.powf(4.0, 0.5).is_close(2.0))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(9.0, 0.5).is_close(3.0))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(16.0, 0.25).is_close(2.0))
-
-  // Test powers that should closely approximate known values
-  assert_true(@math.powf(10.0, 2.0).is_close(100.0))
-  assert_true(@math.powf(10.0, -2.0).is_close(0.009999999776482582))
-}
-
-///|
-test "pow with standard functions" {
-  // Compare with standard mathematical identities
-
-  // Test simple cases of e^x
-  let e_flt : Float = 2.7182817459106445
-  let x_flt : Float = 2.0
-  let expected_exp_flt : Float = 7.3890562
-  let actual_pow_flt = @math.powf(e_flt, x_flt)
-  assert_true((actual_pow_flt - expected_exp_flt).abs() < 0.01)
-
-  // Test sqrt(x) vs. pow(x, 0.5)
-  let values_flt : Array[Float] = [4.0, 9.0, 16.0, 25.0]
-  for value in values_flt {
-    let expected_sqrt_flt = value.sqrt()
-    let actual_pow_flt = @math.powf(value, 0.5)
-    assert_true((actual_pow_flt - expected_sqrt_flt).abs() < 0.01)
+test "pow" {
+  let test_cases = [
+    (1.1, 1.1, 1.1105342410545758),
+    (1.1, 2.2, 1.2332863005546628),
+    (1.1, 3.3, 1.3696066657894779),
+    (1.1, 4.4, 1.5209950991358059),
+    (1.1, 5.5, 1.6891171380665115),
+    (1.1, 1.0e-5, 1.0000009531022522),
+    (1.1, 2.1e-6, 1.0000002001513977),
+    (1.1, 3.2e-7, 1.000000030499258),
+    (1.1, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000040983377),
+    (1.1, 5.4e-9, 1.000000000514675),
+    (1.1, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (1.1, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (1.1, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (1.1, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (1.1, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (1.1, -1.3, 0.8834653263771346),
+    (1.1, -2.4, 0.795531820376998),
+    (1.1, -3.5, 0.7163505554061548),
+    (1.1, -4.6, 0.6450503990997164),
+    (1.1, -5.7, 0.5808469250683971),
+    (1.1, -1.3e-7, 0.9999999876096767),
+    (1.1, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999977125557),
+    (1.1, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999996664144),
+    (1.1, -4.6e-10, 0.9999999999561573),
+    (1.1, -5.7e-11, 0.9999999999945673),
+    (1.1, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (1.1, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (1.1, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (1.1, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (1.1, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (1.1, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (1.1, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (1.1, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+    (2.2, 1.1, 2.3804822576003546),
+    (2.2, 2.2, 5.66669577875008),
+    (2.2, 3.3, 13.489468760533386),
+    (2.2, 4.4, 32.111441048903984),
+    (2.2, 5.5, 76.44071568289563),
+    (2.2, 1.0e-5, 1.000007884604687),
+    (2.2, 2.1e-6, 1.0000016557618276),
+    (2.2, 3.2e-7, 1.0000002523063871),
+    (2.2, 4.3e-8, 1.000000033903667),
+    (2.2, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000042576698),
+    (2.2, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (2.2, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (2.2, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (2.2, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (2.2, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (2.2, -1.3, 0.35879841422373565),
+    (2.2, -2.4, 0.15072509491644878),
+    (2.2, -3.5, 0.0633170419293052),
+    (2.2, -4.6, 0.026598409514352772),
+    (2.2, -5.7, 0.011173538231352035),
+    (2.2, -1.3e-7, 0.9999998975005484),
+    (2.2, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999810770235),
+    (2.2, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999972403992),
+    (2.2, -4.6e-10, 0.9999999996373096),
+    (2.2, -5.7e-11, 0.999999999955058),
+    (2.2, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (2.2, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (2.2, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (2.2, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (2.2, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (2.2, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (2.2, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (2.2, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+    (3.3, 1.1, 3.718479005997499),
+    (3.3, 2.2, 13.827086118044146),
+    (3.3, 3.3, 51.415729444066585),
+    (3.3, 4.4, 191.18831051580915),
+    (3.3, 5.5, 710.9297188451668),
+    (3.3, 1.0e-5, 1.0000119392959574),
+    (3.3, 2.1e-6, 1.000002507240327),
+    (3.3, 3.2e-7, 1.000000382055263),
+    (3.3, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000513386675),
+    (3.3, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000064471815),
+    (3.3, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (3.3, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (3.3, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (3.3, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (3.3, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (3.3, -1.3, 0.21180288829407456),
+    (3.3, -2.4, 0.05695954930832198),
+    (3.3, -3.5, 0.015317969851773392),
+    (3.3, -4.6, 0.0041194181349598034),
+    (3.3, -5.7, 0.0011078234214353857),
+    (3.3, -1.3e-7, 0.9999998447900912),
+    (3.3, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999713458612),
+    (3.3, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999958212714),
+    (3.3, -4.6e-10, 0.9999999994507957),
+    (3.3, -5.7e-11, 0.9999999999319464),
+    (3.3, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (3.3, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (3.3, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (3.3, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (3.3, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (3.3, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (3.3, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (3.3, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+    (4.4, 1.1, 5.102675423469089),
+    (4.4, 2.2, 26.037296477275444),
+    (4.4, 3.3, 132.8598728281716),
+    (4.4, 4.4, 677.9408078455402),
+    (4.4, 5.5, 3459.3118987602156),
+    (4.4, 1.0e-5, 1.0000148161551674),
+    (4.4, 2.1e-6, 1.0000031113743764),
+    (4.4, 3.2e-7, 1.0000004741135655),
+    (4.4, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000637089972),
+    (4.4, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000080006646),
+    (4.4, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (4.4, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (4.4, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (4.4, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (4.4, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (4.4, -1.3, 0.14571743588102323),
+    (4.4, -2.4, 0.0285570654192142),
+    (4.4, -3.5, 0.005596488714110584),
+    (4.4, -4.6, 0.0010967753677551722),
+    (4.4, -5.7, 0.00021494123704413892),
+    (4.4, -1.3e-7, 0.9999998073914282),
+    (4.4, -2.4e-8, 0.9999999644414916),
+    (4.4, -3.5e-9, 0.9999999948143842),
+    (4.4, -4.6e-10, 0.999999999318462),
+    (4.4, -5.7e-11, 0.9999999999155486),
+    (4.4, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (4.4, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (4.4, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (4.4, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (4.4, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (4.4, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (4.4, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (4.4, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+    (5.5, 1.1, 6.522272782452906),
+    (5.5, 2.2, 42.54004224872598),
+    (5.5, 3.3, 277.457759723262),
+    (5.5, 4.4, 1809.655194523391),
+    (5.5, 5.5, 11803.064820864423),
+    (5.5, 1.0e-5, 1.0000170476262316),
+    (5.5, 2.1e-6, 1.0000035799774019),
+    (5.5, 3.2e-7, 1.0000005455195382),
+    (5.5, 4.3e-8, 1.0000000733041707),
+    (5.5, 5.4e-9, 1.0000000092056398),
+    (5.5, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (5.5, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (5.5, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (5.5, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (5.5, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (5.5, -1.3, 0.10902560458273548),
+    (5.5, -2.4, 0.016715891564065034),
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+    (-4.0e8, 1.1, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 2.2, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 3.3, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 4.4, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 5.5, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 1.0e-5, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 2.1e-6, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 3.2e-7, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 4.3e-8, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 5.4e-9, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (-4.0e8, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (-4.0e8, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (-4.0e8, -1.3, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, -2.4, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, -1.3e-7, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, -2.4e-8, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, -3.5e-9, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, -4.6e-10, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, -5.7e-11, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (-4.0e8, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (-4.0e8, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (-4.0e8, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (-4.0e8, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (-4.0e8, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (-4.0e8, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-4.0e8, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+    (-5.1e9, 1.1, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 2.2, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 3.3, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 4.4, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 5.5, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 1.0e-5, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 2.1e-6, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 3.2e-7, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 4.3e-8, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 5.4e-9, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (-5.1e9, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (-5.1e9, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (-5.1e9, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (-5.1e9, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (-5.1e9, -1.3, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -2.4, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -3.5, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -4.6, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -5.7, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -1.3e-7, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -2.4e-8, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -3.5e-9, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -4.6e-10, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -5.7e-11, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (-5.1e9, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (-5.1e9, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (-5.1e9, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (-5.1e9, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (-5.1e9, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (-5.1e9, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (-5.1e9, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, 1.1, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 2.2, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 3.3, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 4.4, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 5.5, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 1.0e-5, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 2.1e-6, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 3.2e-7, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 4.3e-8, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 5.4e-9, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 1.2e5, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, -1.3, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -2.4, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -3.5, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -4.6, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -5.7, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -1.3e-7, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -2.4e-8, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -3.5e-9, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -4.6e-10, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -5.7e-11, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (@double.infinity, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.infinity, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.infinity, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+    (@double.not_a_number, 1.1, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.not_a_number, 2.2, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.not_a_number, 3.3, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.not_a_number, -4.0e8, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.not_a_number, -5.1e9, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.not_a_number, @double.infinity, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.not_a_number, @double.neg_infinity, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, 1.1, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, 2.3e6, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, 3.4e7, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, 4.5e8, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, 5.6e9, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -1.3, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -2.4, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -3.5, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -4.6, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -5.7, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -1.3e-7, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -2.4e-8, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -3.5e-9, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -4.6e-10, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -5.7e-11, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -1.7e5, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -2.8e6, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -3.9e7, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -4.0e8, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, -5.1e9, 0),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, @double.infinity, @double.infinity),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, @double.not_a_number, @double.not_a_number),
+    (@double.neg_infinity, @double.neg_infinity, 0),
+  ]
+  fn is_accept(actual : Double, expect : Double) -> Bool {
+    if expect.is_nan() {
+      return actual.is_nan()
+    }
+    if expect.is_pos_inf() {
+      return actual.is_pos_inf()
+    }
+    if expect.is_neg_inf() {
+      return actual.is_neg_inf()
+    }
+    let actual = actual.reinterpret_as_int64()
+    let expected = expect.reinterpret_as_int64()
+    (actual - expected).abs() <= 2
   }
 
-  // Test pow(x, y) * pow(x, z) = pow(x, y + z)
-  let x_test_flt : Float = 3.0
-  let y_test_flt : Float = 2.0
-  let z_test_flt : Float = 4.0
-  let left_val_flt = @math.powf(x_test_flt, y_test_flt) *
-    @math.powf(x_test_flt, z_test_flt)
-  let right_val_flt = @math.powf(x_test_flt, y_test_flt + z_test_flt)
-  assert_true((left_val_flt - right_val_flt).abs() < 0.01)
-
-  // Test pow(x, y)^z = pow(x, y*z)
-  let left_test_flt = @math.powf(@math.powf(x_test_flt, y_test_flt), z_test_flt)
-  let right_test_flt = @math.powf(x_test_flt, y_test_flt * z_test_flt)
-  assert_true((left_test_flt - right_test_flt).abs() < 0.01)
+  for case in test_cases {
+    let (a, b, expect) = case
+    let actual = a.pow(b)
+    assert_true(
+      is_accept(actual, expect),
+      msg="Test failed: \{a} ** \{b} = \{actual}, expected \{expect}",
+    )
+  }
 }