diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/arrays/sparse/array.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/arrays/sparse/array.pyi
index 1e4b1e72..16227595 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/arrays/sparse/array.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/arrays/sparse/array.pyi
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from enum import Enum
 from typing import (
     Any,
+    final,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ from pandas._typing import (
     SequenceIndexer,
 )
 
+@final
 class ellipsis(Enum):
     Ellipsis = "..."
 
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/frame.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/frame.pyi
index 47a8864f..ed389281 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/frame.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/frame.pyi
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ from typing import (
     Generic,
     Literal,
     NoReturn,
+    final,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -705,6 +706,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
     def transpose(self, *args: Any, copy: _bool = ...) -> Self: ...
     @property
     def T(self) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> Series: ...
     def isetitem(
         self, loc: int | Sequence[int], value: Scalar | ArrayLike | list[Any]
@@ -795,6 +797,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         allow_duplicates: _bool = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
     def assign(self, **kwargs: IntoColumn) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def align(
         self,
         other: NDFrameT,
@@ -1700,6 +1703,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
     @property
     def values(self) -> np.ndarray: ...
     # methods
+    @final
     def abs(self) -> Self: ...
     def add(
         self,
@@ -1708,7 +1712,9 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def add_prefix(self, prefix: _str, axis: Axis | None = None) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def add_suffix(self, suffix: _str, axis: Axis | None = None) -> Self: ...
     @overload
     def all(
@@ -1744,7 +1750,9 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         skipna: _bool = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Series[_bool]: ...
+    @final
     def asof(self, where, subset: _str | list[_str] | None = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def asfreq(
         self,
         freq,
@@ -1753,18 +1761,21 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         normalize: _bool = ...,
         fill_value: Scalar | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def astype(
         self,
         dtype: AstypeArg | Mapping[Any, Dtype] | Series,
         copy: _bool = ...,
         errors: IgnoreRaise = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def at_time(
         self,
         time: _str | dt.time,
         asof: _bool = ...,
         axis: Axis | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def between_time(
         self,
         start_time: _str | dt.time,
@@ -1859,6 +1870,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         inplace: Literal[True],
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> None: ...
+    @final
     def copy(self, deep: _bool = ...) -> Self: ...
     def cummax(
         self, axis: Axis | None = ..., skipna: _bool = ..., *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
@@ -1872,6 +1884,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
     def cumsum(
         self, axis: Axis | None = ..., skipna: _bool = ..., *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def describe(
         self,
         percentiles: list[float] | None = ...,
@@ -1892,9 +1905,12 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def droplevel(self, level: Level | list[Level], axis: Axis = ...) -> Self: ...
     def eq(self, other, axis: Axis = ..., level: Level | None = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def equals(self, other: Series | DataFrame) -> _bool: ...
+    @final
     def ewm(
         self,
         com: float | None = ...,
@@ -1906,6 +1922,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         ignore_na: _bool = ...,
         axis: Axis = ...,
     ) -> ExponentialMovingWindow[Self]: ...
+    @final
     def expanding(
         self,
         min_periods: int = ...,
@@ -1937,7 +1954,9 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         regex: _str | None = ...,
         axis: Axis | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def first(self, offset) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def first_valid_index(self) -> Scalar: ...
     def floordiv(
         self,
@@ -1958,7 +1977,9 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
     @overload
     def get(self, key: list[Hashable], default: _T) -> Self | _T: ...
     def gt(self, other, axis: Axis = ..., level: Level | None = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def head(self, n: int = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def infer_objects(self) -> Self: ...
     # def info
     @overload
@@ -2000,7 +2021,9 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         numeric_only: _bool = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Series: ...
+    @final
     def last(self, offset) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def last_valid_index(self) -> Scalar: ...
     def le(self, other, axis: Axis = ..., level: Level | None = ...) -> Self: ...
     def lt(self, other, axis: Axis = ..., level: Level | None = ...) -> Self: ...
@@ -2088,6 +2111,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
     def ne(self, other, axis: Axis = ..., level: Level | None = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def pct_change(
         self,
         periods: int = ...,
@@ -2130,6 +2154,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def rank(
         self,
         axis: Axis = ...,
@@ -2146,6 +2171,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def reindex_like(
         self,
         other: DataFrame,
@@ -2264,7 +2290,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
-    # sample is missing a weights arg
+    @final
     def sample(
         self,
         n: int | None = ...,
@@ -2294,6 +2320,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         numeric_only: _bool = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Series: ...
+    @final
     def squeeze(self, axis: Axis | None = ...) -> DataFrame | Series | Scalar: ...
     def std(
         self,
@@ -2327,7 +2354,9 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         min_count: int = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Series: ...
+    @final
     def swapaxes(self, axis1: Axis, axis2: Axis, copy: _bool = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def tail(self, n: int = ...) -> Self: ...
     @overload
     def to_json(
@@ -2441,6 +2470,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         max_colwidth: int | None = ...,
         encoding: _str | None = ...,
     ) -> _str: ...
+    @final
     def to_xarray(self) -> xr.Dataset: ...
     def truediv(
         self,
@@ -2449,6 +2479,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def truncate(
         self,
         before: dt.date | _str | int | None = ...,
@@ -2456,6 +2487,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         axis: Axis | None = ...,
         copy: _bool = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def tz_convert(
         self,
         tz: TimeZones,
@@ -2463,6 +2495,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         copy: _bool = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def tz_localize(
         self,
         tz: TimeZones,
@@ -2514,7 +2547,9 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
         level: Level | None = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
     # Move from generic because Series is Generic and it returns Series[bool] there
+    @final
     def __invert__(self) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def xs(
         self,
         key: Hashable,
@@ -2531,6 +2566,7 @@ class DataFrame(NDFrame, OpsMixin, _GetItemHack):
     ) -> Self: ...
     def __truediv__(self, other: float | DataFrame | Series | Sequence) -> Self: ...
     def __rtruediv__(self, other: float | DataFrame | Series | Sequence) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __bool__(self) -> NoReturn: ...
 
 class _PandasNamedTuple(tuple[Any, ...]):
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/generic.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/generic.pyi
index b0f81b17..04acdb22 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/generic.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/generic.pyi
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ from pandas.io.sql import SQLTable
 class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
     __hash__: ClassVar[None]  # type: ignore[assignment] # pyright: ignore[reportIncompatibleMethodOverride]
 
+    @final
     def set_flags(
         self,
         *,
@@ -84,18 +85,24 @@ class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
     @property
     def size(self) -> int: ...
     def equals(self, other: Series) -> _bool: ...
+    @final
     def __neg__(self) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __pos__(self) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __nonzero__(self) -> None: ...
     @final
     def bool(self) -> _bool: ...
     def __abs__(self) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __round__(self, decimals: int = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __contains__(self, key) -> _bool: ...
     @property
     def empty(self) -> _bool: ...
     __array_priority__: int = ...
     def __array__(self, dtype=...) -> np.ndarray: ...
+    @final
     def to_excel(
         self,
         excel_writer,
@@ -113,6 +120,7 @@ class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
         inf_rep: _str = ...,
         freeze_panes: tuple[int, int] | None = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
+    @final
     def to_hdf(
         self,
         path_or_buf: FilePath | HDFStore,
@@ -149,6 +157,7 @@ class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
         storage_options: StorageOptions = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> _str: ...
+    @final
     def to_sql(
         self,
         name: _str,
@@ -168,6 +177,7 @@ class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
             | None
         ) = ...,
     ) -> int | None: ...
+    @final
     def to_pickle(
         self,
         path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes],
@@ -175,6 +185,7 @@ class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
         protocol: int = ...,
         storage_options: StorageOptions = ...,
     ) -> None: ...
+    @final
     def to_clipboard(
         self,
         excel: _bool = ...,
@@ -300,6 +311,7 @@ class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
         errors: OpenFileErrors = ...,
         storage_options: StorageOptions = ...,
     ) -> _str: ...
+    @final
     def __delitem__(self, idx: Hashable) -> None: ...
     @overload
     def drop(
@@ -387,10 +399,15 @@ class NDFrame(indexing.IndexingMixin):
         *args: Any,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> T: ...
+    @final
     def __finalize__(self, other, method=..., **kwargs) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __setattr__(self, name: _str, value) -> None: ...
+    @final
     def __copy__(self, deep: _bool = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __deepcopy__(self, memo=...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def convert_dtypes(
         self,
         infer_objects: _bool = ...,
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/base.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/base.pyi
index a6a4d80f..e19e7f0c 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/base.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/base.pyi
@@ -276,12 +276,14 @@ class Index(IndexOpsMixin[S1]):
         Index[_str],
         Index[type[object]],
     ]: ...
+    @final
     def is_(self, other) -> bool: ...
     def __len__(self) -> int: ...
     def __array__(self, dtype=...) -> np.ndarray: ...
     def __array_wrap__(self, result, context=...): ...
     @property
     def dtype(self) -> DtypeObj: ...
+    @final
     def ravel(self, order: _str = ...): ...
     def view(self, cls=...): ...
     def astype(self, dtype: DtypeArg, copy: bool = ...) -> Index: ...
@@ -290,7 +292,9 @@ class Index(IndexOpsMixin[S1]):
     ): ...
     def repeat(self, repeats, axis=...): ...
     def copy(self, name: Hashable = ..., deep: bool = ...) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __copy__(self, **kwargs): ...
+    @final
     def __deepcopy__(self, memo=...): ...
     def format(
         self, name: bool = ..., formatter: Callable | None = ..., na_rep: _str = ...
@@ -328,8 +332,10 @@ class Index(IndexOpsMixin[S1]):
     def __reduce__(self): ...
     @property
     def hasnans(self) -> bool: ...
+    @final
     def isna(self): ...
     isnull = ...
+    @final
     def notna(self): ...
     notnull = ...
     def fillna(self, value=...): ...
@@ -344,6 +350,7 @@ class Index(IndexOpsMixin[S1]):
     def __xor__(self, other: Never) -> Never: ...
     def __rxor__(self, other: Never) -> Never: ...
     def __neg__(self) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __nonzero__(self) -> None: ...
     __bool__ = ...
     def union(self, other: list[HashableT] | Index, sort=...) -> Index: ...
@@ -380,6 +387,7 @@ class Index(IndexOpsMixin[S1]):
     def memory_usage(self, deep: bool = ...): ...
     def where(self, cond, other=...): ...
     def __contains__(self, key) -> bool: ...
+    @final
     def __setitem__(self, key, value) -> None: ...
     @overload
     def __getitem__(
@@ -391,7 +399,9 @@ class Index(IndexOpsMixin[S1]):
     def append(self, other): ...
     def putmask(self, mask, value): ...
     def equals(self, other) -> bool: ...
+    @final
     def identical(self, other) -> bool: ...
+    @final
     def asof(self, label): ...
     def asof_locs(self, where, mask): ...
     def sort_values(
@@ -402,9 +412,11 @@ class Index(IndexOpsMixin[S1]):
         na_position: NaPosition = ...,
         key: Callable[[Index], Index] | None = None,
     ): ...
+    @final
     def sort(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None: ...
     def argsort(self, *args, **kwargs): ...
     def get_indexer_non_unique(self, target): ...
+    @final
     def get_indexer_for(self, target, **kwargs): ...
     @final
     def groupby(self, values) -> dict[Hashable, np.ndarray]: ...
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/category.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/category.pyi
index 19dd550e..324ff9ea 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/category.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/category.pyi
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ from collections.abc import (
     Hashable,
     Iterable,
 )
-from typing import Literal
+from typing import (
+    Literal,
+    final,
+)
 
 import numpy as np
 from pandas.core import accessor
@@ -46,8 +49,10 @@ class CategoricalIndex(ExtensionIndex[S1], accessor.PandasDelegate):
     def is_monotonic_decreasing(self) -> bool: ...
     def unique(self, level=...): ...
     def duplicated(self, keep: Literal["first", "last", False] = ...): ...
+    @final
     def where(self, cond, other=...): ...
     def reindex(self, target, method=..., level=..., limit=..., tolerance=...): ...
+    @final
     def get_indexer(self, target, method=..., limit=..., tolerance=...): ...
     def get_indexer_non_unique(self, target): ...
     def delete(self, loc): ...
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/datetimes.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/datetimes.pyi
index 4aa810c2..40a7102c 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/datetimes.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/datetimes.pyi
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ from datetime import (
     timedelta,
     tzinfo as _tzinfo,
 )
-from typing import overload
+from typing import (
+    final,
+    overload,
+)
 
 import numpy as np
 from pandas import (
@@ -72,6 +75,7 @@ class DatetimeIndex(DatetimeTimedeltaMixin[Timestamp], DatetimeIndexProperties):
     def __sub__(
         self, other: datetime | Timestamp | DatetimeIndex
     ) -> TimedeltaIndex: ...
+    @final
     def to_series(self, index=..., name: Hashable = ...) -> TimestampSeries: ...
     def snap(self, freq: str = ...): ...
     def slice_indexer(self, start=..., end=..., step=...): ...
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/interval.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/interval.pyi
index 760b8807..026c4f2a 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/interval.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/interval.pyi
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from collections.abc import (
 import datetime as dt
 from typing import (
     Literal,
+    final,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -228,6 +229,7 @@ class IntervalIndex(ExtensionIndex[IntervalT], IntervalMixin):
         method: FillnaOptions | Literal["nearest"] | None = ...,
         tolerance=...,
     ) -> int | slice | npt.NDArray[np.bool_]: ...
+    @final
     def get_indexer(
         self,
         target: Index,
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/multi.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/multi.pyi
index aae164ef..e1af32ea 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/multi.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/multi.pyi
@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@ from collections.abc import (
     Iterable,
     Sequence,
 )
-from typing import overload
+from typing import (
+    final,
+    overload,
+)
 
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
@@ -135,6 +138,7 @@ class MultiIndex(Index):
     def append(self, other): ...
     def argsort(self, *args, **kwargs): ...
     def repeat(self, repeats, axis=...): ...
+    @final
     def where(self, cond, other=...) -> None: ...
     def drop(self, codes, level=..., errors: str = ...) -> Self: ...  # type: ignore[override] # pyright: ignore[reportIncompatibleMethodOverride]
     def swaplevel(self, i: int = ..., j: int = ...): ...
@@ -146,6 +150,7 @@ class MultiIndex(Index):
         sort_remaining: bool = ...,
         na_position: NaPosition = ...,
     ): ...
+    @final
     def get_indexer(self, target, method=..., limit=..., tolerance=...): ...
     def get_indexer_non_unique(self, target): ...
     def reindex(self, target, method=..., level=..., limit=..., tolerance=...): ...
@@ -157,10 +162,13 @@ class MultiIndex(Index):
     def truncate(self, before=..., after=...): ...
     def equals(self, other) -> bool: ...
     def equal_levels(self, other): ...
+    @final
     def union(self, other, sort=...): ...  # pyrefly: ignore
+    @final
     def intersection(  # pyright: ignore[reportIncompatibleMethodOverride]
         self, other: list | Self, sort: bool = ...
     ): ...
+    @final
     def difference(self, other, sort=...): ...
     def astype(self, dtype: DtypeArg, copy: bool = ...) -> Self: ...
     def insert(self, loc, item): ...
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/period.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/period.pyi
index ae16b70b..8857677c 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/period.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/period.pyi
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 from collections.abc import Hashable
 import datetime
-from typing import overload
+from typing import (
+    final,
+    overload,
+)
 
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
@@ -51,6 +54,7 @@ class PeriodIndex(DatetimeIndexOpsMixin[pd.Period], PeriodIndexFieldOps):
         self, other: NaTType
     ) -> NaTType: ...
     def __array__(self, dtype=...) -> np.ndarray: ...
+    @final
     def __array_wrap__(self, result, context=...): ...
     def asof_locs(self, where, mask): ...
     def astype(self, dtype, copy: bool = ...): ...
@@ -59,9 +63,11 @@ class PeriodIndex(DatetimeIndexOpsMixin[pd.Period], PeriodIndexFieldOps):
     def is_full(self) -> bool: ...
     @property
     def inferred_type(self) -> str: ...
+    @final
     def get_indexer(self, target, method=..., limit=..., tolerance=...): ...
     def get_indexer_non_unique(self, target): ...
     def insert(self, loc, item): ...
+    @final
     def join(
         self,
         other,
@@ -71,6 +77,7 @@ class PeriodIndex(DatetimeIndexOpsMixin[pd.Period], PeriodIndexFieldOps):
         return_indexers: bool = ...,
         sort: bool = ...,
     ): ...
+    @final
     def difference(self, other, sort=...): ...
     def memory_usage(self, deep: bool = ...): ...
     @property
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/range.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/range.pyi
index 1576fc1d..580bed26 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/range.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/range.pyi
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@ from collections.abc import (
     Hashable,
     Sequence,
 )
-from typing import overload
+from typing import (
+    final,
+    overload,
+)
 
 import numpy as np
 from pandas.core.indexes.base import Index
@@ -47,6 +50,7 @@ class RangeIndex(Index[int]):
     @property
     def has_duplicates(self) -> bool: ...
     def __contains__(self, key: int | np.integer) -> bool: ...
+    @final
     def get_indexer(self, target, method=..., limit=..., tolerance=...): ...
     def tolist(self): ...
     def copy(self, name: Hashable = ..., deep: bool = ..., dtype=..., **kwargs): ...
@@ -57,6 +61,7 @@ class RangeIndex(Index[int]):
         self, sort: bool = ..., use_na_sentinel: bool = ...
     ) -> tuple[npt.NDArray[np.intp], RangeIndex]: ...
     def equals(self, other): ...
+    @final
     def join(
         self,
         other,
@@ -72,6 +77,7 @@ class RangeIndex(Index[int]):
     def __floordiv__(self, other): ...
     def all(self) -> bool: ...
     def any(self) -> bool: ...
+    @final
     def union(  # pyrefly: ignore
         self, other: list[HashableT] | Index, sort=...
     ) -> Index | Index[int] | RangeIndex: ...
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/timedeltas.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/timedeltas.pyi
index 6cb94df7..cc426586 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/timedeltas.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/indexes/timedeltas.pyi
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from collections.abc import (
 import datetime as dt
 from typing import (
     Literal,
+    final,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ class TimedeltaIndex(DatetimeTimedeltaMixin[Timedelta], TimedeltaIndexProperties
     def searchsorted(self, value, side: str = ..., sorter=...): ...
     @property
     def inferred_type(self) -> str: ...
+    @final
     def to_series(self, index=..., name: Hashable = ...) -> TimedeltaSeries: ...
     def shift(self, periods: int = ..., freq=...) -> Self: ...
 
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/resample.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/resample.pyi
index 1216bb97..b0a91416 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/resample.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/resample.pyi
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from collections.abc import (
 )
 from typing import (
     Literal,
+    final,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -82,8 +83,11 @@ class Resampler(BaseGroupBy[NDFrameT]):
     def transform(
         self: Resampler[DataFrame], arg: Callable[[Series], Series[S1]], *args, **kwargs
     ) -> DataFrame: ...
+    @final
     def ffill(self, limit: int | None = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def nearest(self, limit: int | None = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def bfill(self, limit: int | None = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
     @overload
     def interpolate(
@@ -109,32 +113,47 @@ class Resampler(BaseGroupBy[NDFrameT]):
         limit_area: Literal["inside", "outside"] | None = ...,
         **kwargs,
     ) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def asfreq(self, fill_value: Scalar | None = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def sum(self, numeric_only: bool = ..., min_count: int = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def prod(self, numeric_only: bool = ..., min_count: int = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def min(self, numeric_only: bool = ..., min_count: int = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def max(self, numeric_only: bool = ..., min_count: int = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def first(
         self, numeric_only: bool = ..., min_count: int = ..., skipna: bool = ...
     ) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def last(
         self, numeric_only: bool = ..., min_count: int = ..., skipna: bool = ...
     ) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def median(self, numeric_only: bool = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def mean(self, numeric_only: bool = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def std(self, ddof: int = ..., numeric_only: bool = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def var(self, ddof: int = ..., numeric_only: bool = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def sem(self, ddof: int = ..., numeric_only: bool = ...) -> NDFrameT: ...
+    @final
     def ohlc(self) -> DataFrame: ...
     @overload
     def nunique(self: Resampler[Series]) -> Series[int]: ...
     @overload
     def nunique(self: Resampler[DataFrame]) -> DataFrame: ...
+    @final
     def size(self) -> Series[int]: ...
     @overload
     def count(self: Resampler[Series]) -> Series[int]: ...
     @overload
     def count(self: Resampler[DataFrame]) -> DataFrame: ...
+    @final
     def quantile(
         self,
         q: float | list[float] | npt.NDArray[np.double] | Series[float] = ...,
@@ -152,6 +171,7 @@ class DatetimeIndexResampler(Resampler[NDFrameT]): ...
 class DatetimeIndexResamplerGroupby(
     _GroupByMixin[NDFrameT], DatetimeIndexResampler[NDFrameT]
 ):
+    @final
     def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> Self: ...  # type: ignore[override] # pyright: ignore[reportIncompatibleMethodOverride]
 
 class PeriodIndexResampler(DatetimeIndexResampler[NDFrameT]): ...
@@ -159,6 +179,7 @@ class PeriodIndexResampler(DatetimeIndexResampler[NDFrameT]): ...
 class PeriodIndexResamplerGroupby(
     _GroupByMixin[NDFrameT], PeriodIndexResampler[NDFrameT]
 ):
+    @final
     def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> Self: ...  # type: ignore[override] # pyright: ignore[reportIncompatibleMethodOverride]
 
 class TimedeltaIndexResampler(DatetimeIndexResampler[NDFrameT]): ...
@@ -166,6 +187,7 @@ class TimedeltaIndexResampler(DatetimeIndexResampler[NDFrameT]): ...
 class TimedeltaIndexResamplerGroupby(
     _GroupByMixin[NDFrameT], TimedeltaIndexResampler[NDFrameT]
 ):
+    @final
     def __getattr__(self, attr: str) -> Self: ...  # type: ignore[override] # pyright: ignore[reportIncompatibleMethodOverride]
 
 class TimeGrouper(Grouper):
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/core/series.pyi b/pandas-stubs/core/series.pyi
index 57fe5f04..6f63d77a 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/core/series.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/core/series.pyi
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ from typing import (
     Generic,
     Literal,
     NoReturn,
+    final,
     overload,
 )
 
@@ -452,12 +453,14 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
     def ravel(self, order: _str = ...) -> np.ndarray: ...
     def __len__(self) -> int: ...
     def view(self, dtype=...) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def __array_ufunc__(
         self, ufunc: Callable, method: _str, *inputs: Any, **kwargs: Any
     ): ...
     def __array__(self, dtype=...) -> np.ndarray: ...
     @property
     def axes(self) -> list: ...
+    @final
     def __getattr__(self, name: _str) -> S1: ...
     @overload
     def __getitem__(
@@ -611,6 +614,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         indent: int | None = ...,
         mode: Literal["w"] = ...,
     ) -> _str: ...
+    @final
     def to_xarray(self) -> xr.DataArray: ...
     def items(self) -> Iterator[tuple[Hashable, S1]]: ...
     def keys(self) -> Index: ...
@@ -1023,6 +1027,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         args: tuple = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> DataFrame: ...
+    @final
     def align(
         self,
         other: DataFrame | Series,
@@ -1076,6 +1081,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         errors: IgnoreRaise = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def reindex_like(
         self,
         other: Series[S1],
@@ -1203,14 +1209,20 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         backend: _str | None = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> SubplotBase: ...
+    @final
     def swapaxes(
         self, axis1: AxisIndex, axis2: AxisIndex, copy: _bool = ...
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def droplevel(self, level: Level | list[Level], axis: AxisIndex = ...) -> Self: ...
     def pop(self, item: Hashable) -> S1: ...
+    @final
     def squeeze(self) -> Series[S1] | Scalar: ...
+    @final
     def __abs__(self) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def add_prefix(self, prefix: _str, axis: AxisIndex | None = ...) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def add_suffix(self, suffix: _str, axis: AxisIndex | None = ...) -> Series[S1]: ...
     def reindex(
         self,
@@ -1229,8 +1241,11 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         regex: _str | None = ...,
         axis: AxisIndex | None = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def head(self, n: int = ...) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def tail(self, n: int = ...) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def sample(
         self,
         n: int | None = ...,
@@ -1311,7 +1326,9 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         copy: _bool = ...,
         errors: IgnoreRaise = ...,
     ) -> Series: ...
+    @final
     def copy(self, deep: _bool = ...) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def infer_objects(self) -> Series[S1]: ...
     @overload
     def ffill(
@@ -1373,6 +1390,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         limit_area: Literal["inside", "outside"] | None = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def asof(
         self,
         where: Scalar | Sequence[Scalar],
@@ -1408,6 +1426,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         inplace: Literal[False] = ...,
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def asfreq(
         self,
         freq,
@@ -1416,20 +1435,25 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         normalize: _bool = ...,
         fill_value: Scalar | None = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def at_time(
         self,
         time: _str | time,
         asof: _bool = ...,
         axis: AxisIndex | None = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def between_time(
         self,
         start_time: _str | time,
         end_time: _str | time,
         axis: AxisIndex | None = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def first(self, offset) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def last(self, offset) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def rank(
         self,
         axis: AxisIndex = ...,
@@ -1514,6 +1538,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
             ],
         ],
     ) -> Series: ...
+    @final
     def truncate(
         self,
         before: date | _str | int | None = ...,
@@ -1521,6 +1546,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         axis: AxisIndex | None = ...,
         copy: _bool = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def tz_convert(
         self,
         tz: TimeZones,
@@ -1528,6 +1554,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         copy: _bool = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def tz_localize(
         self,
         tz: TimeZones,
@@ -1537,13 +1564,16 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         ambiguous: TimeAmbiguous = ...,
         nonexistent: _str = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def abs(self) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def describe(
         self,
         percentiles: list[float] | None = ...,
         include: Literal["all"] | list[S1] | None = ...,
         exclude: S1 | list[S1] | None = ...,
     ) -> Series[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def pct_change(
         self,
         periods: int = ...,
@@ -1552,7 +1582,9 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         *,
         fill_value: Scalar | NAType | None = ...,
     ) -> Series[float]: ...
+    @final
     def first_valid_index(self) -> Scalar: ...
+    @final
     def last_valid_index(self) -> Scalar: ...
     @overload
     def value_counts(  # pyrefly: ignore
@@ -1572,6 +1604,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         bins: int | None = ...,
         dropna: _bool = ...,
     ) -> Series[float]: ...
+    @final
     @property
     def T(self) -> Self: ...
     # The rest of these were left over from the old
@@ -1688,6 +1721,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
     ) -> Series[bool]: ...
     @overload
     def __xor__(self, other: int | np_ndarray_anyint | Series[int]) -> Series[int]: ...
+    @final
     def __invert__(self) -> Series[bool]: ...
     # properties
     # @property
@@ -1774,6 +1808,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
         axis: AxisIndex = ...,
     ) -> Series[_bool]: ...
+    @final
     def ewm(
         self,
         com: float | None = ...,
@@ -1784,6 +1819,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         adjust: _bool = ...,
         ignore_na: _bool = ...,
     ) -> ExponentialMovingWindow[Series]: ...
+    @final
     def expanding(
         self,
         min_periods: int = ...,
@@ -1810,6 +1846,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
         axis: AxisIndex = ...,
     ) -> Series[_bool]: ...
+    @final
     def item(self) -> S1: ...
     def kurt(
         self,
@@ -1910,6 +1947,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         fill_value: float | None = ...,
         axis: AxisIndex = ...,
     ) -> Series[_bool]: ...
+    @final
     def nunique(self, dropna: _bool = ...) -> int: ...
     def pow(
         self,
@@ -2101,6 +2139,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         **kwargs: Any,
     ) -> S1: ...
     def to_list(self) -> list[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def to_numpy(
         self,
         dtype: npt.DTypeLike | None = ...,
@@ -2165,6 +2204,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
     ) -> Self: ...
     def set_axis(self, labels, *, axis: Axis = ..., copy: _bool = ...) -> Self: ...
     def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[S1]: ...
+    @final
     def xs(
         self,
         key: Hashable,
@@ -2172,6 +2212,7 @@ class Series(IndexOpsMixin[S1], NDFrame):
         level: Level | None = ...,
         drop_level: _bool = ...,
     ) -> Self: ...
+    @final
     def __bool__(self) -> NoReturn: ...
 
 class TimestampSeries(Series[Timestamp]):
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/io/common.pyi b/pandas-stubs/io/common.pyi
index ede6e40b..335912b3 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/io/common.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/io/common.pyi
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from types import TracebackType
 from typing import (
     IO,
     AnyStr,
@@ -9,9 +10,14 @@ from pandas._typing import CompressionDict
 class IOHandles(Generic[AnyStr]):
     handle: IO[AnyStr]
     compression: CompressionDict
-    created_handles: list[IO[AnyStr]]
-    is_wrapped: bool
+    created_handles: list[IO[AnyStr]] = ...
+    is_wrapped: bool = ...
     def close(self) -> None: ...
     def __enter__(self) -> IOHandles[AnyStr]: ...
-    def __exit__(self, *args: object) -> None: ...
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: type[BaseException] | None,
+        exc_value: BaseException | None,
+        traceback: TracebackType | None,
+    ) -> None: ...
     def __init__(self, handle, compression, created_handles, is_wrapped) -> None: ...
diff --git a/pandas-stubs/io/pytables.pyi b/pandas-stubs/io/pytables.pyi
index 9d4107e2..db06bac0 100644
--- a/pandas-stubs/io/pytables.pyi
+++ b/pandas-stubs/io/pytables.pyi
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class HDFStore:
         exc_value: BaseException | None,
         traceback: TracebackType | None,
     ) -> None: ...
-    def keys(self) -> list[str]: ...
+    def keys(self, include=...) -> list[str]: ...
     def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]: ...
     def open(self, mode: Literal["a", "w", "r", "r+"] = ..., **kwargs) -> None: ...
     def close(self) -> None: ...