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Backported PRs:

Need manual backport:

Contains multiple commits, manual intervention needed:

Non-merged PRs with backport label:

kpamnany and others added 13 commits August 19, 2025 22:26
…54840)

Like #54671, but for
`speccache_eq`.

Saw another segfault with this in the stack trace, hence this fix. I
also looked for other uses of `jl_smallintset_lookup` and there's one in
`idset.c`. That doesn't appear to be racy but I'm not familiar with the
code, so maybe you can take a look at it in case we need to push a fix
for that one too @gbaraldi or @vtjnash?

(cherry picked from commit dd1ed17)
This was in DAECompiler.jl code found by @serenity4. He also mentioned
that writing up how one might go and fix a bug like this so i'll give a
quick writeup (this was a very simple bug so it might not be too
interesting)

The original crash which looked something like
>   %19 = alloca [10 x i64], align 8
  %155 = insertelement <4 x ptr> poison, ptr %19, i32 0
Unexpected instruction
> [898844] signal 6 (-6): Aborted
in expression starting at
/home/gbaraldi/DAECompiler.jl/test/reflection.jl:28
pthread_kill at /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (unknown line)
gsignal at /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (unknown line)
abort at /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (unknown line)
RecursivelyVisit<llvm::IntrinsicInst,
LateLowerGCFrame::PlaceRootsAndUpdateCalls(llvm::ArrayRef<int>, int,
State&, std::map<llvm::Value*, std::pair<int, int>
>)::<lambda(llvm::AllocaInst*&)>::<lambda(llvm::Use&)> > at
/home/gbaraldi/julia4/src/llvm-late-gc-lowering.cpp:803
operator() at /home/gbaraldi/julia4/src/llvm-late-gc-lowering.cpp:2560
[inlined]
PlaceRootsAndUpdateCalls at
/home/gbaraldi/julia4/src/llvm-late-gc-lowering.cpp:2576
runOnFunction at
/home/gbaraldi/julia4/src/llvm-late-gc-lowering.cpp:2638
run at /home/gbaraldi/julia4/src/llvm-late-gc-lowering.cpp:2675
run at
/home/gbaraldi/julia4/usr/include/llvm/IR/PassManagerInternal.h:91

which means it was crashing inside of late-gc-lowering, so the first
thing I did was ran julia and the same test with LLVM_ASSERTIONS=1 and
FORCE_ASSERTIONS=1 to see if LLVM complained about a malformed module,
and both were fine. Next step was trying to get the failing code out for
inspection.
Easiest way is to do `export
JULIA_LLVM_ARGS="--print-before=LateLowerGCFrame --print-module-scope"`
and pipe the output to a file.
The file is huge, but since it's a crash in LLVM we know that the last
thing is what we want, and that gave me the IR I wanted.
To verify that this is failing I did `make -C src install-analysis-deps`
to install the LLVM machinery (opt...). That gets put in the `tools`
directory of a julia build. Then I checked if this crashed outside of
julia by doing
`./opt -load-pass-plugin=../lib/libjulia-codegen.dylib
--passes=LateLowerGCFrame -S test.ll -o tmp3.ll `. This is run from
inside the tools dir so your paths might vary (the -S is so LLVM doesn't
generate bitcode) and my code did crash, however it was over 500 lines
of IR which makes it harder to debug and to write a test.

Next step then is to minimize the crash by doing
[`llvm-reduce`](https://llvm.org/docs/CommandGuide/llvm-reduce.html)
over it (it's basically creduce but optimized for LLVM IR) which gave me
a 2 line reproducer (in this case apparently just having the
insertelement was enough for the pass to fail). One thing to be wary is
that llvm-reduce will usually make very weird code, so it might be
useful to modify the code slightly so it doesn't look odd (it will have
unreachable basic-blocks and such).
After the cleanup fixing the bug here wasn't interesting but this
doesn't apply generally. And also always transform your reduced IR into
a test to put in llvmpasses.

(cherry picked from commit 906d348)
When this API was added, this function inlined, which is important,
because the API relies on the allocation of the `Ref` being elided. At
some point (I went back to 1.8) this regressed. For example, it is
currently responsible for substantially all non-Expr allocations in
JuliaParser. Before (parsing all of Base with JuliaParser):
```
│     Memory estimate: 76.93 MiB, allocs estimate: 719922.
```
After:
```
│     Memory estimate: 53.31 MiB, allocs estimate: 156.
```

Also add a test to make sure this doesn't regress again.

(cherry picked from commit d6294ba)
Co-authored-by: Jameson Nash <[email protected]>
(cherry picked from commit 3ed13ea)
Currently, `similar(::CodeUnits)` works as expected by going through the
generic `AbstractArray` method. However, the fallback method hit by
`similar(::Type{<:CodeUnits}, dims)` does not work, as it assumes the
existence of a constructor that accepts an `UndefInitializer`. This can
be made to work by defining a corresponding `similar` method that
returns an `Array`.

One could make a case that this is a bugfix since it was arguably a bug
that this method didn't work given that `CodeUnits` is an
`AbstractArray` subtype and the other `similar` methods work. If anybody
buys that argument, it could be nice to backport this; it came up in
some internal code that uses Arrow.jl and JSON3.jl together.

(cherry picked from commit 8e524c7)
would fix #57170, fix
#54623

@nanosoldier `runbenchmarks("array", vs=":master")`

(cherry picked from commit e853a4f)
@ViralBShah ViralBShah added the release Release management and versioning. label Aug 19, 2025
@DilumAluthge
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I have a Distributed.jl bugfix to backport, but I first need to do the backport in the Distributed repo, and then I'll bump Distributed here.

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