[Card] Add overflowX and overflowY props for horizontal and vertical clipping

[tadjik1]

WHY are these changes introduced?

This PR addresses issues raised around the Card component having hardcoded overflow behavior (e.g., overflow: hidden or clip), limiting layout flexibility.

It fixes issue #13951 by enabling configuration of horizontal and vertical clipping behavior to support cases like sticky children or internal scrolling.

WHAT is this pull request doing?

Adds two new optional props to Card:

• overflowX — controls horizontal overflow behavior ('clip', 'hidden', 'scroll')
• overflowY — controls vertical overflow behavior (same options)

Both props default to 'clip' to preserve existing visual behavior.
The props are forwarded to the underlying component.

No visual appearance changes unless you override overflow behavior. There are no screenshots since UI layout remains visually identical by default.

How to 🎩

🖥 Local development instructions
🗒 General tophatting guidelines
📄 Changelog guidelines

🎩 checklist

• Tested a snapshot
• Tested on mobile
• Tested on multiple browsers
• Tested for accessibility
• Updated the component's README.md with documentation changes
• Tophatted documentation changes in the style guide

[tadjik1]

I have signed the CLA!