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11 changes: 11 additions & 0 deletions libraries/Ethernet/README.md
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# Ethernet Library for Arduino

Provides Ethernet connectivity for Arduino boards using the Arduino Zephyr core, together with a shield or carrier featuring an Ethernet connector.

📖 For more information about this library please read the documentation [here](http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Ethernet).

## License

Copyright (c) 2025 Arduino SA. All rights reserved.

This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
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/*
Advanced Chat Server

A more advanced server that distributes any incoming messages
to all connected clients but the client the message comes from.
To use, telnet to your device's IP address and type.

*/

#include "ZephyrServer.h"
#include "ZephyrClient.h"
#include "ZephyrEthernet.h"

// The IP address will be dependent on your local network.
// gateway and subnet are optional:
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 1, 177);
IPAddress myDns(192, 168, 1, 1);
IPAddress gateway(192, 168, 1, 1);
IPAddress subnet(255, 255, 255, 0);


// telnet defaults to port 23
ZephyrServer server(23);

ZephyrClient clients[8];

void setup() {

// initialize the Ethernet device
Ethernet.begin(ip, myDns, gateway, subnet);

// Open serial communications and wait for port to open:
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial) {
; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
}

// Check for Ethernet hardware present
if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
Serial.println("Ethernet shield was not found. Sorry, can't run without hardware. :(");
while (true) {
delay(1); // do nothing, no point running without Ethernet hardware
}
}
if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF) {
Serial.println("Ethernet cable is not connected.");
}

// start listening for clients
server.begin();

Serial.print("Chat server address:");
Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
}

void loop() {
// check for any new client connecting, and say hello (before any incoming data)
ZephyrClient newClient = server.accept();
if (newClient) {
for (byte i=0; i < 8; i++) {
if (!clients[i]) {
Serial.print("We have a new client #");
Serial.println(i);
newClient.print("Hello, client number: ");
newClient.println(i);
// Once we "accept", the client is no longer tracked by EthernetServer
// so we must store it into our list of clients
clients[i] = newClient;
break;
}
}
}

// check for incoming data from all clients
for (byte i=0; i < 8; i++) {
if (clients[i] && clients[i].available() > 0) {
// read bytes from a client
byte buffer[80];
int count = clients[i].read(buffer, 80);
// write the bytes to all other connected clients
for (byte j=0; j < 8; j++) {
if (j != i && clients[j].connected()) {
clients[j].write(buffer, count);
}
}
}
}

// stop any clients which disconnect
for (byte i=0; i < 8; i++) {
if (clients[i] && !clients[i].connected()) {
Serial.print("disconnect client #");
Serial.println(i);
clients[i].stop();
}
}
}
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/*
SCP1000 Barometric Pressure Sensor Display

Serves the output of a Barometric Pressure Sensor as a web page.
Uses the SPI library. For details on the sensor, see:
http://www.sparkfun.com/commerce/product_info.php?products_id=8161

This sketch adapted from Nathan Seidle's SCP1000 example for PIC:
http://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Sensors/SCP1000-Testing.zip

TODO: this hardware is long obsolete. This example program should
be rewritten to use https://www.sparkfun.com/products/9721

Circuit:
SCP1000 sensor attached to pins 6,7, and 11 - 13:
DRDY: pin 6
CSB: pin 7
MOSI: pin 11
MISO: pin 12
SCK: pin 13

*/

#include "ZephyrServer.h"
#include "ZephyrEthernet.h"
// the sensor communicates using SPI, so include the library:
#include <SPI.h>

// assign an IP address for the controller:
IPAddress ip(192, 168, 1, 20);

// Initialize the Ethernet server library
// with the IP address and port you want to use
// (port 80 is default for HTTP):
ZephyrServer server(80);

//Sensor's memory register addresses:
const int PRESSURE = 0x1F; //3 most significant bits of pressure
const int PRESSURE_LSB = 0x20; //16 least significant bits of pressure
const int TEMPERATURE = 0x21; //16 bit temperature reading

// pins used for the connection with the sensor
// the others you need are controlled by the SPI library):
const int dataReadyPin = 6;
const int chipSelectPin = 7;

float temperature = 0.0;
long pressure = 0;
long lastReadingTime = 0;

void setup() {

// start the SPI library:
SPI.begin();

// start the Ethernet connection
Ethernet.begin(ip);

// Open serial communications and wait for port to open:
Serial.begin(9600);
while (!Serial) {
; // wait for serial port to connect. Needed for native USB port only
}

// Check for Ethernet hardware present
if (Ethernet.hardwareStatus() == EthernetNoHardware) {
Serial.println("Ethernet shield was not found. Sorry, can't run without hardware. :(");
while (true) {
delay(1); // do nothing, no point running without Ethernet hardware
}
}
if (Ethernet.linkStatus() == LinkOFF) {
Serial.println("Ethernet cable is not connected.");
}

// start listening for clients
server.begin();

// initalize the data ready and chip select pins:
pinMode(dataReadyPin, INPUT);
pinMode(chipSelectPin, OUTPUT);

//Configure SCP1000 for low noise configuration:
writeRegister(0x02, 0x2D);
writeRegister(0x01, 0x03);
writeRegister(0x03, 0x02);

// give the sensor and Ethernet shield time to set up:
delay(1000);

//Set the sensor to high resolution mode tp start readings:
writeRegister(0x03, 0x0A);

}

void loop() {
// check for a reading no more than once a second.
if (millis() - lastReadingTime > 1000) {
// if there's a reading ready, read it:
// don't do anything until the data ready pin is high:
if (digitalRead(dataReadyPin) == HIGH) {
getData();
// timestamp the last time you got a reading:
lastReadingTime = millis();
}
}

// listen for incoming Ethernet connections:
listenForEthernetClients();
}


void getData() {
Serial.println("Getting reading");
//Read the temperature data
int tempData = readRegister(0x21, 2);

// convert the temperature to celsius and display it:
temperature = (float)tempData / 20.0;

//Read the pressure data highest 3 bits:
byte pressureDataHigh = readRegister(0x1F, 1);
pressureDataHigh &= 0b00000111; //you only needs bits 2 to 0

//Read the pressure data lower 16 bits:
unsigned int pressureDataLow = readRegister(0x20, 2);
//combine the two parts into one 19-bit number:
pressure = ((pressureDataHigh << 16) | pressureDataLow) / 4;

Serial.print("Temperature: ");
Serial.print(temperature);
Serial.println(" degrees C");
Serial.print("Pressure: " + String(pressure));
Serial.println(" Pa");
}

void listenForEthernetClients() {
// listen for incoming clients
ZephyrClient client = server.accept();
if (client) {
Serial.println("Got a client");
// an http request ends with a blank line
boolean currentLineIsBlank = true;
while (client.connected()) {
if (client.available()) {
char c = client.read();
// if you've gotten to the end of the line (received a newline
// character) and the line is blank, the http request has ended,
// so you can send a reply
if (c == '\n' && currentLineIsBlank) {
// send a standard http response header
client.println("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
client.println("Content-Type: text/html");
client.println();
// print the current readings, in HTML format:
client.print("Temperature: ");
client.print(temperature);
client.print(" degrees C");
client.println("<br />");
client.print("Pressure: " + String(pressure));
client.print(" Pa");
client.println("<br />");
break;
}
if (c == '\n') {
// you're starting a new line
currentLineIsBlank = true;
} else if (c != '\r') {
// you've gotten a character on the current line
currentLineIsBlank = false;
}
}
}
// give the web browser time to receive the data
delay(1);
// close the connection:
client.stop();
}
}


//Send a write command to SCP1000
void writeRegister(byte registerName, byte registerValue) {
// SCP1000 expects the register name in the upper 6 bits
// of the byte:
registerName <<= 2;
// command (read or write) goes in the lower two bits:
registerName |= 0b00000010; //Write command

// take the chip select low to select the device:
digitalWrite(chipSelectPin, LOW);

SPI.transfer(registerName); //Send register location
SPI.transfer(registerValue); //Send value to record into register

// take the chip select high to de-select:
digitalWrite(chipSelectPin, HIGH);
}


//Read register from the SCP1000:
unsigned int readRegister(byte registerName, int numBytes) {
byte inByte = 0; // incoming from the SPI read
unsigned int result = 0; // result to return

// SCP1000 expects the register name in the upper 6 bits
// of the byte:
registerName <<= 2;
// command (read or write) goes in the lower two bits:
registerName &= 0b11111100; //Read command

// take the chip select low to select the device:
digitalWrite(chipSelectPin, LOW);
// send the device the register you want to read:
int command = SPI.transfer(registerName);
// send a value of 0 to read the first byte returned:
inByte = SPI.transfer(0x00);

result = inByte;
// if there's more than one byte returned,
// shift the first byte then get the second byte:
if (numBytes > 1) {
result = inByte << 8;
inByte = SPI.transfer(0x00);
result = result | inByte;
}
// take the chip select high to de-select:
digitalWrite(chipSelectPin, HIGH);
// return the result:
return (result);
}
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