feat: implement exponential retention for wallet backups #7005
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Enhances the wallet backup system to retain more historical backups while managing disk space efficiently. Instead of keeping only the N most recent backups, the system now keeps the N most recent plus exponentially-spaced older backups (16th, 32nd, 64th oldest, etc.). - Add `-maxwalletbackups` parameter for hard limit on total backups - Replace magic numbers with named constants (DEFAULT_MAX_BACKUPS=30, DEFAULT_N_WALLET_BACKUPS=10, MAX_N_WALLET_BACKUPS=20) - Extract backup deletion logic into GetBackupsToDelete() function - Add comprehensive unit tests in wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp - Update help text to clarify exponential spacing behavior
✅ No Merge Conflicts DetectedThis PR currently has no conflicts with other open PRs. |
WalkthroughThis PR adds configurable wallet backup retention: two CLI options ( Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant CLI as Command Line
participant Init as WalletInit
participant Wallet as CWallet
participant Backup as BackupLogic
participant FS as File System
CLI->>Init: Parse -createwalletbackups / -maxwalletbackups
Init->>Wallet: Set nWalletBackups, nMaxWalletBackups
rect rgba(200,220,240,0.6)
Note over Wallet,Backup: Auto or manual backup creation
Wallet->>Backup: RequestCreateBackup(wallet_path)
Backup->>FS: Write new backup file
Backup->>Backup: GetBackupsToDelete(backups, nWalletBackups, nMaxWalletBackups)
Backup->>FS: Delete selected old backups
end
rect rgba(200,220,240,0.6)
Note over Wallet: Unlock / re-init path
Wallet->>Wallet: Re-read CLI backup settings (clamp/enforce limits)
Wallet->>Backup: Apply updated retention config
end
Estimated code review effort🎯 4 (Complex) | ⏱️ ~45 minutes
Pre-merge checks and finishing touches❌ Failed checks (1 warning)
✅ Passed checks (2 passed)
✨ Finishing touches
🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)
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Actionable comments posted: 2
🧹 Nitpick comments (2)
src/wallet/init.cpp (1)
60-63: New wallet backup options look consistent; consider clarifying edge semantics.The
-createwalletbackups=<n>and-maxwalletbackups=<n>args are wired correctly and the help text mentions defaults and exponential spacing. As a follow‑up, you may want to explicitly document how negative or zero values are treated (e.g., clamping and whether 0 disables backups or the max cap) to avoid confusion for operators.src/wallet/wallet.h (1)
82-86: Backup policy declarations are fine; tighten documentation of retention rule.The new defaults (
DEFAULT_MAX_BACKUPS,DEFAULT_N_WALLET_BACKUPS,MAX_N_WALLET_BACKUPS) and theGetBackupsToDeleteAPI plus staticCWallet::nWalletBackups/nMaxWalletBackupsprovide a clean central configuration. One improvement would be to make the comment onGetBackupsToDeleteexplicit that backups are sorted newest‑first and that “powers of 2 indices” refer to 1‑based positions from the newest backup, so behavior is unambiguous and matches the tests/CLI help.Also applies to: 87-94, 505-507
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src/Makefile.test.include(1 hunks)src/wallet/init.cpp(1 hunks)src/wallet/wallet.cpp(4 hunks)src/wallet/wallet.h(2 hunks)
🧰 Additional context used
🧠 Learnings (4)
📓 Common learnings
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6543
File: src/wallet/receive.cpp:240-251
Timestamp: 2025-02-06T14:34:30.466Z
Learning: Pull request #6543 is focused on move-only changes and refactoring, specifically backporting from Bitcoin. Behavior changes should be proposed in separate PRs.
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
📚 Learning: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
Applied to files:
src/Makefile.test.includesrc/wallet/wallet.hsrc/wallet/init.cppsrc/wallet/wallet.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-08-11T17:16:36.654Z
Learnt from: PastaPastaPasta
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6804
File: src/qt/proposalwizard.cpp:40-42
Timestamp: 2025-08-11T17:16:36.654Z
Learning: In the Dash repository, when a PR adds new files that are not from Bitcoin backports, these files must be added to the list in test/util/data/non-backported.txt. This applies to newly created files like qt/proposalwizard.{h,cpp} and forms/proposalwizard.ui. Limited exemptions may exist for subtrees and similar cases.
Applied to files:
src/Makefile.test.include
📚 Learning: 2025-02-14T15:19:17.218Z
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6529
File: src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp:3002-3003
Timestamp: 2025-02-14T15:19:17.218Z
Learning: The `GetWallet()` function calls in `src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp` are properly validated with null checks that throw appropriate RPC errors, making additional validation unnecessary.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/wallet.cpp
🧬 Code graph analysis (3)
src/wallet/wallet.h (1)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (2)
GetBackupsToDelete(3258-3305)GetBackupsToDelete(3258-3258)
src/wallet/init.cpp (1)
src/dummywallet.cpp (1)
argsman(31-31)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (1)
src/wallet/init.cpp (2)
InitAutoBackup(237-240)InitAutoBackup(237-237)
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🔇 Additional comments (1)
src/Makefile.test.include (1)
208-223: Backup tests correctly wired into test suite; ensure non‑backported tracking updated.Adding
wallet/test/backup_tests.cppunderENABLE_WALLETintegrates the new tests properly intotest_dash. Also, ifwallet/test/backup_tests.cppis Dash‑specific and not a direct Bitcoin backport, it should be added totest/util/data/non-backported.txtto keep the tracking list consistent. Based on learnings.
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Actionable comments posted: 4
♻️ Duplicate comments (1)
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp (1)
106-108: Same file_time_type construction issue.This has the same issue as lines 20-22. Use
fs::file_time_type::clock::now() - std::chrono::seconds(seconds_ago)instead.
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src/**/*.{cpp,h,hpp,cc}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Dash Core implementation must be written in C++20, requiring at least Clang 16 or GCC 11.1
Files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
src/{test,wallet/test}/**/*.{cpp,h}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Unit tests in src/test/ and src/wallet/test/ must use Boost::Test framework
Files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
src/wallet/**/*.{cpp,h}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Wallet implementation must use Berkeley DB and SQLite
Files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
🧠 Learnings (3)
📓 Common learnings
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6543
File: src/wallet/receive.cpp:240-251
Timestamp: 2025-02-06T14:34:30.466Z
Learning: Pull request #6543 is focused on move-only changes and refactoring, specifically backporting from Bitcoin. Behavior changes should be proposed in separate PRs.
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
📚 Learning: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learnt from: CR
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 0
File: CLAUDE.md:0-0
Timestamp: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learning: Applies to src/{test,wallet/test}/**/*.{cpp,h} : Unit tests in src/test/ and src/wallet/test/ must use Boost::Test framework
Applied to files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
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🔇 Additional comments (3)
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp (3)
31-44: LGTM!Cases 1 and 2 correctly test that no deletions occur when the backup count is at or below
nWalletBackups.
72-101: LGTM!Case 4 correctly tests index-based exponential distribution with varied ages. The expected deletion count (7) matches the logic of keeping the latest 10 plus the 16th backup.
12-13: No action needed—GetBackupsToDelete is properly accessible for testing.The function is declared in the public header
src/wallet/wallet.h:93withoutstaticor anonymous namespace restrictions, giving it external linkage. The forward declaration in the test file is valid and matches the exact signature. The linker will successfully resolve the external reference.Likely an incorrect or invalid review comment.
| auto make_time = [](int64_t seconds_ago) { | ||
| return fs::file_time_type(std::chrono::seconds(std::time(nullptr) - seconds_ago)); | ||
| }; |
There was a problem hiding this comment.
Verify file_time_type construction from Unix time.
fs::file_time_type typically uses an implementation-defined epoch and precision (often nanoseconds), which differs from std::time(nullptr) (seconds since Unix epoch). Converting std::time(nullptr) - seconds_ago to std::chrono::seconds and then to file_time_type may be implementation-dependent and could cause test failures or unexpected behavior.
Consider using fs::file_time_type::clock::now() - std::chrono::seconds(seconds_ago) instead for a more portable and correct construction.
Apply this diff to fix the time construction:
- auto make_time = [](int64_t seconds_ago) {
- return fs::file_time_type(std::chrono::seconds(std::time(nullptr) - seconds_ago));
- };
+ auto make_time = [](int64_t seconds_ago) {
+ return fs::file_time_type::clock::now() - std::chrono::seconds(seconds_ago);
+ };📝 Committable suggestion
‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
| auto make_time = [](int64_t seconds_ago) { | |
| return fs::file_time_type(std::chrono::seconds(std::time(nullptr) - seconds_ago)); | |
| }; | |
| auto make_time = [](int64_t seconds_ago) { | |
| return fs::file_time_type::clock::now() - std::chrono::seconds(seconds_ago); | |
| }; |
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp around lines 20 to 22, the lambda constructs
fs::file_time_type from std::chrono::seconds(std::time(nullptr) - seconds_ago),
which relies on Unix epoch and is implementation-dependent; replace construction
with fs::file_time_type::clock::now() - std::chrono::seconds(seconds_ago) so the
file_time_type is built using its own clock and epoch for portable, correct
behavior.
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Actionable comments posted: 0
🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp (1)
31-102: Good coverage of index‑based exponential retention; consider one assertion on actual paths if behavior changes later.The
exponential_backup_logiccase nicely documents and tests:
- “< nWalletBackups” and “== nWalletBackups” no‑deletion behavior.
- Index‑based exponential retention (latest N plus 16th, 32nd, etc.), via deletion counts.
Because you only assert on
to_delete.size(), these tests will still pass if the implementation changes which specific historical backups it keeps, as long as the total count matches. That’s fine for now, but if the retention policy ever relies on keeping particular historical points (e.g., exact 16th/32nd snapshots), you may want to add at least one check on the actual kept/deleted indices (e.g., by comparing the returnedfs::pathnames) to catch regressions.
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src/**/*.{cpp,h,hpp,cc}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Dash Core implementation must be written in C++20, requiring at least Clang 16 or GCC 11.1
Files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
src/{test,wallet/test}/**/*.{cpp,h}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Unit tests in src/test/ and src/wallet/test/ must use Boost::Test framework
Files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
src/wallet/**/*.{cpp,h}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Wallet implementation must use Berkeley DB and SQLite
Files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
🧠 Learnings (4)
📓 Common learnings
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6543
File: src/wallet/receive.cpp:240-251
Timestamp: 2025-02-06T14:34:30.466Z
Learning: Pull request #6543 is focused on move-only changes and refactoring, specifically backporting from Bitcoin. Behavior changes should be proposed in separate PRs.
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
📚 Learning: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learnt from: CR
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 0
File: CLAUDE.md:0-0
Timestamp: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learning: Applies to src/{test,wallet/test}/**/*.{cpp,h} : Unit tests in src/test/ and src/wallet/test/ must use Boost::Test framework
Applied to files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-06-09T16:43:20.996Z
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6718
File: test/functional/test_framework/test_framework.py:2102-2102
Timestamp: 2025-06-09T16:43:20.996Z
Learning: In the test framework consolidation PR (#6718), user kwvg prefers to limit functional changes to those directly related to MasternodeInfo, avoiding scope creep even for minor improvements like error handling consistency.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
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🔇 Additional comments (4)
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp (4)
104-135:hard_max_limittest correctly exercises exponential retention with a generous cap.This case clearly verifies that, for many backups (100) and a high
maxBackups(50), the algorithm keeps only the exponentially spaced subset (13) and deletes the rest (87), rather than “topping up” to the max. That’s a useful invariant to lock in and pairs well with the next test wheremaxBackupsis actually binding.
137-160: Nice targeted test formaxBackupshard cap interaction.
hard_max_limit_caps_retentioncleanly verifies that when exponential retention would keep 13 backups butmaxBackups=12, the hard cap wins (38 deletions). This directly tests the core behavior added in the PR and should catch future regressions in the cap logic.
10-16: I'm unable to verify the forward declaration concern due to a repository access issue. The shell scripts cannot execute because the repository clone failed.Based on the information available:
Forward declaration verification blocked — Cannot access the repository to confirm whether
GetBackupsToDeleteis already declared inwallet.hor whether the forward declaration inbackup_tests.cppis truly redundant.To complete this verification, manual inspection of the following would be needed:
- Whether
wallet.hcontains aGetBackupsToDeletedeclaration- Whether
backup_tests.cppincludes the appropriate header files- The function signature in both locations (if both exist)
20-27: Let me try accessing the repository through GitHub CLI:
<function_calls>
#!/bin/bashTry using GitHub CLI to read the file directly
gh repo clone dashpay/dash -- --depth 1 --filter=blob:none 2>&1 | head -20
</function_calls>Let me search for this file on GitHub:
<function_calls>
dashpay/dash src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp make_time lambda
</function_calls>
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Actionable comments posted: 0
🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (1)
3446-3446: Update outdated comment to reflect new retention behavior.The comment still references the old "last 10 backups" behavior, but the code now implements exponential retention with configurable limits.
- // Keep only the last 10 backups, including the new one of course + // Keep the most recent nWalletBackups plus exponentially spaced older backups, capped at nMaxWalletBackups
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🚧 Files skipped from review as they are similar to previous changes (1)
- src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
🧰 Additional context used
📓 Path-based instructions (2)
src/**/*.{cpp,h,hpp,cc}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Dash Core implementation must be written in C++20, requiring at least Clang 16 or GCC 11.1
Files:
src/wallet/wallet.cpp
src/wallet/**/*.{cpp,h}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Wallet implementation must use Berkeley DB and SQLite
Files:
src/wallet/wallet.cpp
🧠 Learnings (4)
📓 Common learnings
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6543
File: src/wallet/receive.cpp:240-251
Timestamp: 2025-02-06T14:34:30.466Z
Learning: Pull request #6543 is focused on move-only changes and refactoring, specifically backporting from Bitcoin. Behavior changes should be proposed in separate PRs.
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
📚 Learning: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/wallet.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learnt from: CR
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 0
File: CLAUDE.md:0-0
Timestamp: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learning: Applies to src/wallet/**/*.{cpp,h} : Wallet implementation must use Berkeley DB and SQLite
Applied to files:
src/wallet/wallet.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-02-14T15:19:17.218Z
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6529
File: src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp:3002-3003
Timestamp: 2025-02-14T15:19:17.218Z
Learning: The `GetWallet()` function calls in `src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp` are properly validated with null checks that throw appropriate RPC errors, making additional validation unnecessary.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/wallet.cpp
🧬 Code graph analysis (1)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (4)
src/wallet/init.cpp (2)
InitAutoBackup(237-240)InitAutoBackup(237-237)src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp (1)
GetBackupsToDelete(14-14)src/fs.h (1)
path(42-42)src/wallet/interfaces.cpp (1)
PathToString(720-723)
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🔇 Additional comments (5)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (5)
55-61: LGTM! Compile-time invariant and static initialization are correct.The
static_assertenforces a safe relationship between the defaults at compile time, preventing misconfiguration. The static members are properly initialized from constants.
3261-3313: Exponential retention algorithm looks correct.The implementation correctly:
- Returns early when
maxBackups <= 0(defensive guard)- Keeps the newest
nWalletBackupsunconditionally- Additionally keeps power-of-2 ranked positions (
(rank & (rank - 1)) == 0)- Truncates to
maxBackupsif neededThe power-of-2 check is a well-known bit manipulation pattern and handles positions 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, etc. correctly.
3315-3330: LGTM! Clamping logic correctly enforces the invariant.The clamping at lines 3327-3329 ensures
nWalletBackups <= nMaxWalletBackups, addressing the configuration consistency concern from the previous review.
3461-3471: LGTM! Clean integration with existing error handling.The deletion loop correctly uses
GetBackupsToDeleteand preserves the existing logging and error handling patterns.
3677-3685: LGTM! Consistent withInitAutoBackuplogic.The re-initialization logic mirrors
InitAutoBackup, including the same clamping and invariant enforcement. This ensures consistent behavior when the wallet is unlocked after a backup-disabled state (nWalletBackups == -2).
|
Say we have 10 backups (default settings). We create a new 11th backup but because we only keep 10 most recent ones we drop the oldest one and so we are back to 10 backups again. We never get to the point were we could keep the next exponential (16th) one 🤷♂️ Or am I missing smth? |
The previous algorithm kept backups at fixed power-of-2 indices (16th, 32nd, 64th), but these positions were unreachable since backups are deleted incrementally - the 11th backup was always deleted before accumulating to 16. Changed to keep the oldest backup in each exponential range: - [nWalletBackups, 16), [16, 32), [32, 64), etc. This allows exponential retention to work from the first backup beyond nWalletBackups. With 11 backups, all 11 are now kept. With 12, index 10 is deleted while index 11 (oldest in range) is preserved. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <[email protected]>
|
🙈 I guess implicit in my instructions was to not just keep the exact exponential, but the oldest in that subrange. see: 2794905 (still untested besides unit tests) |
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Actionable comments posted: 1
♻️ Duplicate comments (1)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (1)
3331-3340: Based on my investigation, I can now provide the rewritten review comment:Clarify semantics for
-maxwalletbackups=0—currently disables all backups but intended meaning is ambiguous.The config clamping logic correctly enforces
nWalletBackups ∈ [0, MAX_N_WALLET_BACKUPS]andnMaxWalletBackups >= 0, withnWalletBackups <= nMaxWalletBackups. However, the behavior when-maxwalletbackups=0is unclear: the code forcesnWalletBackupsto 0, which disables automatic backups entirely (sinceAutoBackupWalletexits whennWalletBackups <= 0).This conflicts with existing Dash Core semantics where
-createwalletbackups=0explicitly disables backups as a documented feature. If-maxwalletbackups=0is meant to represent "no extra cap beyond-createwalletbackups," the enforcement logic should skip the clamp (e.g.,if (nMaxWalletBackups > 0 && nWalletBackups > nMaxWalletBackups)).Add help text or code comments clarifying the intended behavior for zero values, or adjust the logic to match the intended semantics.
🧹 Nitpick comments (1)
src/wallet/wallet.h (1)
82-96: Clarify retention comment to match index-based implementation andmaxBackupssemantics.The constants and signature look fine, but the doc block is a bit under-specified:
- The exponential ranges are applied over indices in a “newest first” ordering (0 = newest,
nWalletBackups-1= last of the “recent” set). Stating this explicitly would avoid confusion with phrases like “16th oldest”.- Implementation starts
range_endat 16 and then finds the first power of two>= nWalletBackups; fornWalletBackups > 16the first range is actually[nWalletBackups, 32), not[nWalletBackups, 16). The comment should describe “powers of two starting from the first2^k >= nWalletBackups” rather than hard‑coding 16.GetBackupsToDeletecurrently treatsmaxBackups <= 0as “delete nothing” (early return). Combined withInitAutoBackup/AutoBackupWalletthis effectively disables automatic deletion when the runtimenMaxWalletBackupsis non‑positive. It’d be good to document here what-maxwalletbackups=0is supposed to mean (no extra cap vs. disable), to keep behavior and help text aligned.
📜 Review details
Configuration used: CodeRabbit UI
Review profile: CHILL
Plan: Pro
📒 Files selected for processing (3)
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp(1 hunks)src/wallet/wallet.cpp(4 hunks)src/wallet/wallet.h(2 hunks)
🧰 Additional context used
📓 Path-based instructions (3)
src/**/*.{cpp,h,hpp,cc}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Dash Core implementation must be written in C++20, requiring at least Clang 16 or GCC 11.1
Files:
src/wallet/wallet.hsrc/wallet/test/backup_tests.cppsrc/wallet/wallet.cpp
src/wallet/**/*.{cpp,h}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Wallet implementation must use Berkeley DB and SQLite
Files:
src/wallet/wallet.hsrc/wallet/test/backup_tests.cppsrc/wallet/wallet.cpp
src/{test,wallet/test}/**/*.{cpp,h}
📄 CodeRabbit inference engine (CLAUDE.md)
Unit tests in src/test/ and src/wallet/test/ must use Boost::Test framework
Files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
🧠 Learnings (6)
📓 Common learnings
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
📚 Learning: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learnt from: knst
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6805
File: src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp:357-357
Timestamp: 2025-08-08T07:01:47.332Z
Learning: In src/wallet/rpc/wallet.cpp, the upgradetohd RPC now returns a UniValue string message (RPCResult::Type::STR) instead of a boolean, including guidance about mnemonic backup and null-character passphrase handling; functional tests have been updated to assert returned strings in several cases.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/wallet.hsrc/wallet/test/backup_tests.cppsrc/wallet/wallet.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learnt from: CR
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 0
File: CLAUDE.md:0-0
Timestamp: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learning: Applies to src/wallet/**/*.{cpp,h} : Wallet implementation must use Berkeley DB and SQLite
Applied to files:
src/wallet/wallet.hsrc/wallet/wallet.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learnt from: CR
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 0
File: CLAUDE.md:0-0
Timestamp: 2025-11-24T16:41:22.457Z
Learning: Applies to src/{test,wallet/test}/**/*.{cpp,h} : Unit tests in src/test/ and src/wallet/test/ must use Boost::Test framework
Applied to files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-06-09T16:43:20.996Z
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6718
File: test/functional/test_framework/test_framework.py:2102-2102
Timestamp: 2025-06-09T16:43:20.996Z
Learning: In the test framework consolidation PR (#6718), user kwvg prefers to limit functional changes to those directly related to MasternodeInfo, avoiding scope creep even for minor improvements like error handling consistency.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp
📚 Learning: 2025-02-14T15:19:17.218Z
Learnt from: kwvg
Repo: dashpay/dash PR: 6529
File: src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp:3002-3003
Timestamp: 2025-02-14T15:19:17.218Z
Learning: The `GetWallet()` function calls in `src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp` are properly validated with null checks that throw appropriate RPC errors, making additional validation unnecessary.
Applied to files:
src/wallet/wallet.cpp
🧬 Code graph analysis (3)
src/wallet/wallet.h (2)
src/fs.h (1)
path(42-42)src/wallet/wallet.cpp (2)
GetBackupsToDelete(3261-3324)GetBackupsToDelete(3261-3261)
src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp (1)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (2)
GetBackupsToDelete(3261-3324)GetBackupsToDelete(3261-3261)
src/wallet/wallet.cpp (2)
src/wallet/init.cpp (2)
InitAutoBackup(237-240)InitAutoBackup(237-237)src/fs.h (1)
path(42-42)
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- GitHub Check: Build container / Build container
🔇 Additional comments (5)
src/wallet/wallet.h (1)
506-508: Static backup config is global across wallets; confirm that’s intended.
CWallet::nWalletBackupsandCWallet::nMaxWalletBackupsarestaticand shared by all wallet instances, so-createwalletbackups/-maxwalletbackupsare effectively global, not per‑wallet. This matches prior global behavior, but it’s worth explicitly confirming that per‑wallet configurability is not required before this interface hardens further.src/wallet/wallet.cpp (3)
55-60: Static defaults + compile‑time invariant look good.The
static_assertcleanly enforcesDEFAULT_N_WALLET_BACKUPS <= DEFAULT_MAX_BACKUPSfor non‑zero defaults, and the static initializers forCWallet::nWalletBackups/nMaxWalletBackupscorrectly mirror the header constants. No issues here.
3472-3481: Helper integration inAutoBackupWalletis correct, but overall retention still depends on fixingGetBackupsToDelete.Using
GetBackupsToDelete(folder_set, nWalletBackups, nMaxWalletBackups)here centralizes the retention policy and respects the configured limits. The deletion loop and logging around it look fine and match the tested behavior for a single application over the directory contents.Given the current
GetBackupsToDeletedynamics, though, this code will converge to keeping only the oldest backup plus the lastnWalletBackupsbackups over time. Once the retention algorithm is adjusted (or confirmed) to match the intended “exponential” semantics, this call site will automatically follow suit.
3688-3696: I'll verify this review comment by examining the relevant code sections. Let me start by exploring the wallet backup logic mentioned in the review.
<function_calls>
#!/bin/bashFind and examine InitAutoBackup function
rg -n "InitAutoBackup" --type cpp -A 20 -B 5 src/wallet/
</function_calls>
#!/bin/bashFind and examine AutoBackupWallet function
rg -n "AutoBackupWallet" --type cpp -A 15 -B 5 src/wallet/
</function_calls>
#!/bin/bashGet context around lines 3688-3696 in wallet.cpp
sed -n '3670,3710p' src/wallet/wallet.cpp
</function_calls>
#!/bin/bashSearch for -maxwalletbackups documentation or usage
rg -n "maxwalletbackups|MAX_N_WALLET_BACKUPS|DEFAULT_MAX_BACKUPS" --type cpp -B 3 -A 3 src/wallet/
</function_calls>
#!/bin/bashLook for related constants definitions
rg -n "DEFAULT_N_WALLET_BACKUPS|DEFAULT_MAX_BACKUPS|MAX_N_WALLET_BACKUPS" --type h src/wallet/ -B 2 -A 2
</function_calls>
#!/bin/bashSearch for how -maxwalletbackups is used in the codebase
rg -n "-maxwalletbackups" --type cpp -B 5 -A 5 src/
</function_calls>src/wallet/test/backup_tests.cpp (1)
15-120: Based on my investigation, I've encountered a critical issue that prevents verification of this review comment.The referenced file and functions do not exist in the dashpay/dash repository.
Web searches confirm:
- No
backup_tests.cppfile insrc/wallet/test/- No
GetBackupsToDeletefunction implementation in dashpay/dash- No
exponential_backup_logictest case- No exponential backup retention algorithm currently in the upstream codebase
Additionally, the repository clone failed, preventing direct code inspection.
Context needed for verification:
- Is this review for a PR that hasn't been merged yet? (If so, provide the PR number or branch name)
- Is this referencing a different repository or fork?
- Is there a specific commit or branch where this code exists?
Without access to the actual codebase or PR context, I cannot verify whether:
- The reviewer's concern about missing dynamic testing is justified
- The algorithm implementation is correct
- The convergence claim (repeated calls leading to 11 retained files) is accurate
- Other related tests already cover the suggested dynamic scenario
| std::vector<fs::path> GetBackupsToDelete(const std::multimap<fs::file_time_type, fs::path>& backups, int nWalletBackups, int maxBackups) | ||
| { | ||
| std::vector<fs::path> paths_to_delete; | ||
|
|
||
| // Early guard: if maxBackups <= 0, don't delete any backups | ||
| if (maxBackups <= 0) { | ||
| return paths_to_delete; | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| if (backups.size() <= (size_t)nWalletBackups) { | ||
| return paths_to_delete; | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| // Sort backups by time descending (newest first) | ||
| std::vector<std::pair<fs::file_time_type, fs::path>> sorted_backups(backups.rbegin(), backups.rend()); | ||
|
|
||
| std::vector<size_t> indices_to_keep; | ||
|
|
||
| // Keep latest nWalletBackups | ||
| for (size_t i = 0; i < sorted_backups.size() && i < (size_t)nWalletBackups; ++i) { | ||
| indices_to_keep.push_back(i); | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| // For exponential ranges, keep the oldest backup in each range [2^k, 2^(k+1)) | ||
| // Start from nWalletBackups (e.g., 10) up to the next power of 2 (16) | ||
| // Then 16-32, 32-64, etc. | ||
| size_t range_start = nWalletBackups; | ||
| size_t range_end = 16; | ||
|
|
||
| // Find first power of 2 >= nWalletBackups | ||
| while (range_end < (size_t)nWalletBackups) { | ||
| range_end *= 2; | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| while (range_start < sorted_backups.size()) { | ||
| // Keep the oldest backup in range [range_start, range_end) | ||
| // That's the highest valid index in the range | ||
| size_t oldest_in_range = std::min(range_end - 1, sorted_backups.size() - 1); | ||
| if (oldest_in_range >= range_start) { | ||
| indices_to_keep.push_back(oldest_in_range); | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| range_start = range_end; | ||
| range_end *= 2; | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| // Enforce hard max limit | ||
| if (indices_to_keep.size() > (size_t)maxBackups) { | ||
| indices_to_keep.resize(maxBackups); | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| // Build deletion list | ||
| std::sort(indices_to_keep.begin(), indices_to_keep.end()); | ||
| size_t keep_idx = 0; | ||
| for (size_t i = 0; i < sorted_backups.size(); ++i) { | ||
| if (keep_idx < indices_to_keep.size() && indices_to_keep[keep_idx] == i) { | ||
| keep_idx++; | ||
| } else { | ||
| paths_to_delete.push_back(sorted_backups[i].second); | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
|
|
||
| return paths_to_delete; | ||
| } |
There was a problem hiding this comment.
🧩 Analysis chain
🏁 Script executed:
#!/bin/bash
# Search for AutoBackupWallet function and how it calls GetBackupsToDelete
rg -n "AutoBackupWallet" --type=cpp -A 10 -B 2Repository: dashpay/dash
Length of output: 168
🏁 Script executed:
#!/bin/bash
# Find where GetBackupsToDelete is called
rg -n "GetBackupsToDelete" --type=cpp -A 5 -B 2Repository: dashpay/dash
Length of output: 168
🏁 Script executed:
#!/bin/bash
# Search for test files related to GetBackupsToDelete
fd -e "test\.cpp" -o -e "_test\.cpp" | xargs rg -l "GetBackupsToDelete" 2>/dev/nullRepository: dashpay/dash
Length of output: 168
🏁 Script executed:
#!/bin/bash
# Look for PR description or comments about exponential retention in the file
sed -n '3261,3324p' src/wallet/wallet.cppRepository: dashpay/dash
Length of output: 168
🌐 Web query:
Exponential backup retention strategy implementation wallet
💡 Result:
Below is a compact, practical plan to implement an exponential backup‑retention strategy for a wallet (crypto or key‑material). It gives the retention formula, an example schedule, implementation steps, a small pseudocode snippet, and security notes.
What "exponential retention" means
- Keep more recent backups densely, then keep older backups at exponentially increasing intervals (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 days) so storage grows slowly while preserving long-term restore points. This is a rotation variant of retention policies. [1][2][3]
Retention formula (simple)
- Retain the most recent N backups (daily), then for i = 0..M-1 keep one backup at age ≈ 2^i * base_interval.
- Example: base_interval = 1 day, keep for i=0..6 → keep backups at ~1,2,4,8,16,32,64 days.
Concrete example schedule
- Daily backups for last 7 days (days 0–6).
- Then keep backups at days: 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 (one each).
- Total retained ~ 7 + 5 = 12 restore points.
Implementation steps
- Decide base_interval (daily/hourly), N (recent dense window), and M (how many exponential slots). Align with RTO/RPO and compliance. [2]
- Tag each backup with timestamp and type (full/incremental) and compute age in base_intervals at evaluation time.
- Retention rule: keep backup if (age < N) OR (exists k such that round_down_log2(age) == k and k < M and this is the chosen representative for that k). Prefer newest backup within the target window for each slot.
- Periodic prune job: run once per base_interval to delete backups not matching rule.
- For wallets: use full backups (export encrypted seed/keystore) rather than incremental chains to simplify recovery and integrity verification.
- Always encrypt backups and store at least one offline/offsite copy (metal, safe deposit, air‑gapped device). Use multi‑share or Shamir/SSS for seed splitting if desired. [2][3]
Simple pseudocode
- (assumes backups list sorted newest→oldest; base_interval_days = 1)
- keep = []
- for b in backups:
age = floor((now - b.timestamp) / base_interval)
if age < N: keep.append(b); continue
k = floor(log2(age))
if k < M and not slot_filled[k]:
keep.append(b); slot_filled[k]=true - delete backups not in keep
Implementation tips & security
- Prefer immutable storage or WORM where possible to prevent tampering. [2]
- Verify backups after creation (integrity checksum, test restore).
- For crypto wallets: encrypt with strong passphrase, use hardware security modules or secure enclaves where possible, and distribute copies (or Shamir shares) across geographically separated trusted locations. [2][3]
- Document recovery procedure and periodically test a full recovery.
References
- Backup rotation schemes (overview & rotation patterns). [1]
- AWS prescriptive guidance: backup strategy, RPO/RTO and retention considerations. [2]
- Oracle / general retention policy implementation and examples. [3]
If you want, I can:
- produce a ready-to-run script (shell/Python) that implements the pruning job for your backup naming scheme, or
- adapt the schedule to a specific RTO/RPO and storage budget.
The web search confirms my analysis. Proper exponential retention should be time-based/age-based (keeping backups at exponentially increasing time intervals), but the reviewed code implements it using positional indices in a sorted array.
Let me verify one more critical detail—whether the reviewer's claim about steady-state behavior (always keeping ~11 backups) is accurate by checking the code logic more carefully:
<function_calls>
web_search
Dash Core PR wallet backup retention strategy implementation
</function_calls>
Based on my detailed analysis:
The review comment is substantively CORRECT.
Verification Summary:
-
Algorithmic Trace: The manual walkthrough of scenarios (10→11→12→13 backups) is accurate. The function does indeed reach a steady state of ~11 backups when called repeatedly.
-
Position vs. Age Issue: The code uses positional indices
[range_start, range_end)on a sorted array, not time-based age buckets. This is the core problem. Proper exponential retention (per industry standards confirmed by the web search) anchors on actual time intervals (ages), not array positions. -
Steady-State Behavior: Under repeated application with growing history, the algorithm maintains "newest N + oldest ever eligible backup," not true exponential spacing. The reviewer's trace is accurate.
-
Mismatch with Likely Intent: The PR description and comments apparently suggest "exponential" retention keeping backups at powers of 2 (16th, 32nd, 64th oldest), but that only happens in a single analysis pass on a pre-existing large set, not during incremental production use.
The fundamental issue is valid and requires design reconsideration as the reviewer suggests: either base ranges on actual backup ages (file_time_type vs. current time) or redesign for idempotence.
Dynamic behavior of GetBackupsToDelete does not match "exponential retention" over time in production scenarios.
The algorithm correctly implements exponential spacing once when analyzing a static large dataset. However, under incremental use (as AutoBackupWallet does after each backup), repeated applications cause a steady state of approximately the newest nWalletBackups backups plus the oldest backup currently eligible in the initial exponential range—not the exponential historical retention described in the PR.
With nWalletBackups=10 and maxBackups large:
- After 10 backups: keep all 10
- After 11 backups: keep all 11
- After 12+ backups: keep exactly 11 (newest 10 + one older anchor), continuously replacing intermediate backups
The root cause: the function bases exponential ranges on positional indices in the sorted array rather than on actual backup ages (time intervals). Genuine exponential retention (e.g., keeping one backup per 2^i days) requires anchoring to file_time_type values. To achieve the intended behavior under repeated invocation, either:
- Redesign ranges based on age buckets derived from
file_time_typevs. current time, or - Make the function idempotent under growing histories so steady-state reflects intended retention curves
🤖 Prompt for AI Agents
In src/wallet/wallet.cpp around lines 3261-3324, the exponential retention logic
incorrectly uses positional indices on the sorted list rather than backup ages,
causing steady-state retention of ~nWalletBackups+1 instead of true time-based
exponential spacing; change the algorithm to be age-based: keep the newest
nWalletBackups, then compute exponential time ranges anchored to now (e.g.,
baseInterval and ranges [baseInterval*2^k, baseInterval*2^(k+1))) and for each
time window pick the oldest backup whose timestamp (fs::file_time_type) falls
into that window, collect those to keep, enforce maxBackups by trimming the keep
set deterministically (prefer newest/anchor rules), and build the delete list
from backups not in the keep set so repeated calls are idempotent and reflect
true age-based exponential retention.
|
Basically, indexes won't work because they are fresh new every time, can't use them. Pls check commits here https://github.com/UdjinM6/dash/commits/refs/heads/pr_7005/ for time-based retention logic and a couple more fixes. |
2 participants
Issue being fixed or feature implemented
Enhances the wallet backup system to retain more historical backups while managing disk space efficiently. Instead of keeping only the N most recent backups, the system now keeps the N most recent plus exponentially-spaced older backups (16th, 32nd, 64th oldest, etc.).
-maxwalletbackupsparameter for hard limit on total backupsWhat was done?
How Has This Been Tested?
NOT TESTED; opening so I don't forget about this patch set.
Breaking Changes
Checklist:
Go over all the following points, and put an
xin all the boxes that apply.