feat(anvil): add PreStateTracer support for debug_traceTransaction

[w1tcher]

Motivation

This commit introduces support for the PreStateTracer in anvil's
debug_traceTransaction RPC method. With this change, users can now
obtain detailed pre-state information (accounts, storage, and balances)
when tracing transactions, enabling more advanced debugging and state
analysis workflows.

Solution

By storing the state changes generated during transaction execution in the exec_state variable, the PreStateTracer can later retrieve this data and return the relevant information.

PR Checklist

• Added Tests
• Added Documentation
• Breaking changes

[grandizzy]

@w1tcher thank you! please rebase and add a test, here are some samples

foundry/crates/anvil/tests/it/traces.rs

Line 161 in 86d5c5b

async fn test_call_tracer_debug_trace_call() {

[mattsse]

while this works, this is mega extra overhead on top of the overhead of recorded traces that we already have

imo we should instead cleanup the existing replay functionality that we use for the js tracer and make this general purpose replay

[mattsse]

always storing this is quite expensive, even storing the calltracenode is kind of excessive

we now have a way to replay+trace the transactions, although it isnt super pretty (yet)

foundry/crates/anvil/src/eth/backend/mem/mod.rs

Lines 2642 to 2644 in 86d5c5b

	/// Traces the transaction with the js tracer
	#[cfg(feature = "js-tracer")]
	pub async fn trace_tx_with_js_tracer(

instead of storing all state outputs like this we should invest a bit more into making this function more resuable for any kind of tracer

[w1tcher]

I introduced a new function, replay_tx_with_inspector, whose main purpose is to replay a transaction by its hash and retrieve its execution result, trace, and other related data for generating the corresponding response. Additionally, I removed the previously added extra data.

    fn replay_tx_with_inspector<I, F, T>(
        &self,
        hash: B256,
        mut inspector: I,
        f: F,
    ) -> Result<T, BlockchainError>
    where
        for<'a> I: Inspector<EthEvmContext<WrapDatabaseRef<&'a CacheDB<Box<&'a StateDb>>>>>
            + Inspector<OpContext<WrapDatabaseRef<&'a CacheDB<Box<&'a StateDb>>>>>
            + 'a,
        for<'a> F:
            FnOnce(ResultAndState<OpHaltReason>, CacheDB<Box<&'a StateDb>>, I, TxEnv, Env) -> T,
    {

[w1tcher]

@grandizzy I have added test cases.