Add support for Hint Data caching

[JulianGCalderon]

Add support for Hint Data caching

This PR adds support for caching the compiled hint data between executions of the same contract.

I benchmarked some transactions and found a performance improvement of 20% when running old transactions (Cairo 0).

• The cache used is really simple (thread local). A proper cache for hint data would have more overhead than what I used.
• In my benchmark I ensured that everything is cached beforehand. This won't happen in an actual execution.

Some limitations:

• This PR is not breaking, but to achieve this I had to expose an unsafe API. See safety notes on the set_hint_data function.

• This only works without the extensive_hints feature, which is a problem due to the way Cargo unifies features.

Checklist

• Linked to Github Issue
• Unit tests added
• Integration tests added.
• This change requires new documentation.
  • Documentation has been added/updated.
  • CHANGELOG has been updated.

[github-actions]

Benchmark Results for unmodified programs 🚀

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base big_factorial	2.141 ± 0.010	2.127	2.164	1.01 ± 0.01
head big_factorial	2.125 ± 0.014	2.104	2.145	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base big_fibonacci	2.058 ± 0.014	2.038	2.086	1.00
head big_fibonacci	2.064 ± 0.022	2.030	2.116	1.00 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base blake2s_integration_benchmark	7.668 ± 0.022	7.642	7.701	1.00
head blake2s_integration_benchmark	7.713 ± 0.107	7.623	7.993	1.01 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base compare_arrays_200000	2.211 ± 0.040	2.172	2.284	1.01 ± 0.02
head compare_arrays_200000	2.200 ± 0.017	2.172	2.228	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base dict_integration_benchmark	1.425 ± 0.008	1.412	1.436	1.00
head dict_integration_benchmark	1.432 ± 0.008	1.418	1.442	1.01 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base field_arithmetic_get_square_benchmark	1.227 ± 0.007	1.215	1.237	1.00
head field_arithmetic_get_square_benchmark	1.239 ± 0.039	1.221	1.348	1.01 ± 0.03

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base integration_builtins	7.781 ± 0.035	7.748	7.868	1.00
head integration_builtins	7.803 ± 0.045	7.737	7.856	1.00 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base keccak_integration_benchmark	7.976 ± 0.069	7.906	8.129	1.00 ± 0.01
head keccak_integration_benchmark	7.973 ± 0.053	7.908	8.071	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base linear_search	2.164 ± 0.012	2.150	2.184	1.00 ± 0.01
head linear_search	2.163 ± 0.012	2.145	2.177	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base math_cmp_and_pow_integration_benchmark	1.510 ± 0.005	1.503	1.515	1.00
head math_cmp_and_pow_integration_benchmark	1.519 ± 0.009	1.504	1.531	1.01 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base math_integration_benchmark	1.465 ± 0.016	1.453	1.507	1.00 ± 0.02
head math_integration_benchmark	1.465 ± 0.017	1.452	1.496	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base memory_integration_benchmark	1.226 ± 0.019	1.209	1.274	1.01 ± 0.02
head memory_integration_benchmark	1.219 ± 0.015	1.201	1.253	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base operations_with_data_structures_benchmarks	1.567 ± 0.004	1.562	1.577	1.00 ± 0.01
head operations_with_data_structures_benchmarks	1.562 ± 0.010	1.549	1.585	1.00

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
base pedersen	528.7 ± 1.7	525.3	530.7	1.00 ± 0.00
head pedersen	527.7 ± 1.6	525.5	530.1	1.00

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
base poseidon_integration_benchmark	618.9 ± 4.7	612.3	627.7	1.00
head poseidon_integration_benchmark	621.1 ± 5.6	610.8	630.4	1.00 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base secp_integration_benchmark	1.838 ± 0.018	1.825	1.887	1.00
head secp_integration_benchmark	1.839 ± 0.015	1.827	1.873	1.00 ± 0.01

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
base set_integration_benchmark	609.1 ± 5.9	604.0	622.5	1.01 ± 0.01
head set_integration_benchmark	604.2 ± 2.0	601.1	607.2	1.00

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base uint256_integration_benchmark	4.235 ± 0.036	4.199	4.315	1.00
head uint256_integration_benchmark	4.266 ± 0.034	4.241	4.348	1.01 ± 0.01

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 61.53846% with 5 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 96.65%. Comparing base (dbea70a) to head (637a767).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on opt-vm.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
vm/src/vm/runners/cairo_runner.rs	50.00%	4 Missing ⚠️
vm/src/utils.rs	80.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           opt-vm    #2220      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   96.66%   96.65%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         103      103              
  Lines       43682    43694      +12     
==========================================
+ Hits        42227    42234       +7     
- Misses       1455     1460       +5     

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