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BUG: If both index and axis are passed to DataFrame.drop, raise a clear error #61855

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Merged
merged 6 commits into from
Jul 18, 2025
Merged

BUG: If both index and axis are passed to DataFrame.drop, raise a clear error #61855

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7088479
if both index and axis are passed to drop() it will raise a better er…
Jul 14, 2025
8bfa3eb
[pre-commit.ci] auto fixes from pre-commit.com hooks
pre-commit-ci[bot] Jul 14, 2025
022c6f5
removed index check from the raise condition, axis==1 will suffice
Jul 15, 2025
b94f6d3
test name and test df change in test_drop.py
Jul 15, 2025
d552189
added comment
khemkaran10 Jul 15, 2025
8b386c3
Merge branch 'main' into improve_error_message_drop
khemkaran10 Jul 16, 2025
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2 changes: 2 additions & 0 deletions pandas/core/generic.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -4569,6 +4569,8 @@ def drop(
axis_name = self._get_axis_name(axis)
axes = {axis_name: labels}
elif index is not None or columns is not None:
if axis == 1 and index is not None:
raise ValueError("Cannot specify both 'axis' and 'index'")
axes = {"index": index}
if self.ndim == 2:
axes["columns"] = columns
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7 changes: 7 additions & 0 deletions pandas/tests/frame/methods/test_drop.py
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Expand Up @@ -346,6 +346,13 @@ def test_drop_multiindex_other_level_nan(self):
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)

def test_drop_multiindex_with_axis_and_index(self):
df = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": ["foo", "foo", "bar"]})
df = pd.concat([df], keys=["foo"], axis=1)
msg = "Cannot specify both 'axis' and 'index'"
with pytest.raises(ValueError, match=msg):
df.drop(index="b", level=1, axis=1)

def test_drop_nonunique(self):
df = DataFrame(
[
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