Fix output variable alignment in ExtractSystemTableFilterRuleSet

[tdcmeehan]

Description

When FilterScanRule transforms Exchange -> Filter -> TableScan to Filter -> Exchange -> TableScan, add a ProjectNode if the Filter's output variables don't match the original Exchange's expected output.

Motivation and Context

Fixes incorrect variable alignment when filters reference columns not in the final query output.

Impact

Fix some planner crashes for system tables with C++ functions.

Test Plan

Included unit tests, and added new end to end tests.

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