upa_url package

This package provides Python bindings for Upa URL – a library compliant with the WHATWG URL standard. This is the same standard followed by modern browsers and JavaScript runtimes such as Bun, Deno, and Node.js.

This package is designed to be as close to the URL standard as possible. It uses the same class names (URL, URLSearchParams), their function names, the same function parameters, and the same behavior.

Installation

pip install upa_url

If the binary wheel is not available for your platform, then you will need a C++ compiler that supports C++17 and CMake to build the Python package.

Getting started

First you need import classes:

from upa_url import URL, URLSearchParams

URL class

The URL class provides a structured way to parse, manipulate, and serialize URLs.

An URL can be parsed using one of two methods:

1. Use URL constructor. It throws an exception on error:

   try:
       url = URL('https://upa-url.github.io/docs/')
       print(url.href)
   except Exception:
       print('URL parse error')

2. Use URL.parse fucntion. It returns None on error:

   url = URL.parse('docs', 'https://upa-url.github.io')
   if url is not None:
       print(url.href)

The parsed URL object components can be accessed using getters and setters: href, origin (only get value), protocol, username, password, host, hostname, port, pathname, search and hash. Also you can get and change search parameters using searchParams getter which returns URLSearchParams object associated with URL:

url = URL.parse('https://example.org')
if url is not None:
    url.searchParams.append('lang', 'lt')
    print(url.href) # https://example.org/?lang=lt

To serialize parsed URL use url.href or str(url).

If you need only check URL validity, then URL.canParse function can be used:

if URL.canParse('docs', 'https://upa-url.github.io'):
    print('URL is valid')

URLSearchParams class

The URLSearchParams class provides a structured way to parse, manipulate, and serialize the query string of a URL.

An URLSearchParams object can be created by using constructor:

1. To create empty: params = URLSearchParams()
2. Create from string: params = URLSearchParams('lang=lt&id=123')
3. Create from dictionary or list:

   params1 = URLSearchParams({'lang': 'lt', 'id': '123'})
   params2 = URLSearchParams([('lang', 'lt'), ['id', '123']])

Use get or getAll to retrieve parameter values:

params = URLSearchParams('a=b&a=c&b=10')
print(params.get('a'))    # b
print(params.getAll('a')) # ['b', 'c']

To check for name and optionally value in parameters, use the has function:

print(params.has('a'))      # True
print(params.has('a', 'c')) # True
print(params.has('c'))      # False

Iterate over all parameters:

params = URLSearchParams('a=1&b=2')
# Get all name - value pairs:
for name, value in params:
    print(name, '=', value)
# Get all parameter names
for name in params.keys():
    print(name)
# Get all parameter values
for value in params.values():
    print(value)

Count parameters:

print(params.size) # 2
print(len(params)) # 2

To serialize URLSearchParams object use str(params).

There are functions to manipulate search parameters:

1. Add or replace parameters:

   params = URLSearchParams('a=a')
   params.append('a', 'aa')
   params.append('b', 'bb')
   print(params) # a=a&a=aa&b=bb
   params.set('a', '1')
   print(params) # a=1&b=bb

2. Remove parameters:

   params = URLSearchParams('a=a&a=aa&b=b&b=bb')
   params.delete('a')
   print(params) # b=b&b=bb
   params.delete('b', 'bb')
   print(params) # b=b

3. Sort parameters by name:

   params = URLSearchParams('c=1&b=2&a=3')
   params.sort()
   print(params) # a=3&b=2&c=1

License

This package is licensed under the BSD 2-Clause License (see LICENSE file).