Add pattern matching support to URI::Generic with params

lib/uri/generic.rb

@@ -282,6 +282,43 @@ def registry # :nodoc:
     #
     attr_reader :fragment
 
+    #
+    # Deconstructs the URI into a hash for pattern matching.
+    #
+    # Returns a hash with keys: +:scheme+, +:userinfo+, +:host+, +:port+,
+    # +:path+, +:query+, +:fragment+, and +:params+.
+    #
+    # The +:params+ key contains the parsed query string as a hash with
+    # symbol keys, and is only computed when explicitly requested to avoid
+    # unnecessary parsing.
+    #
+    #   uri = URI("http://example.com/path?foo=bar&baz=qux")
+    #   uri.deconstruct_keys(nil)
+    #   # => {:scheme=>"http", :userinfo=>nil, :host=>"example.com", :port=>80,
+    #   #     :path=>"/path", :query=>"foo=bar&baz=qux", :fragment=>nil,
+    #   #     :params=>{:foo=>"bar", :baz=>"qux"}}
+    #
+    #   case uri
+    #   in scheme: "http", host: "example.com", params: { foo: "bar" }
+    #     # matches
+    #   end
+    #
+    def deconstruct_keys(keys)
+      h = {
+        scheme: @scheme,
+        userinfo: userinfo,
+        host: @host,
+        port: @port,
+        path: @path,
+        query: @query,
+        fragment: @fragment
+      }
+      if @query && (keys.nil? || keys.include?(:params))
+        h[:params] = URI.decode_www_form(@query).to_h { |k, v| [k.to_sym, v] }
+      end
+      h
+    end
+
     # Returns the parser to be used.
     #
     # Unless the +parser+ is defined, DEFAULT_PARSER is used.

test/uri/test_generic.rb

@@ -1116,4 +1116,59 @@ def with_proxy_env_case_sensitive(h, &b)
     yield h
   end
 
+  def test_deconstruct_keys
+    uri = URI("http://example.com:8080/path?foo=bar&baz=qux#fragment")
+    keys = uri.deconstruct_keys(nil)
+    assert_equal "http", keys[:scheme]
+    assert_equal "example.com", keys[:host]
+    assert_equal 8080, keys[:port]
+    assert_equal "/path", keys[:path]
+    assert_equal "foo=bar&baz=qux", keys[:query]
+    assert_equal "fragment", keys[:fragment]
+    assert_equal({ foo: "bar", baz: "qux" }, keys[:params])
+  end
+
+  def test_deconstruct_keys_no_params
+    uri = URI("http://example.com/path")
+    keys = uri.deconstruct_keys([:scheme, :host, :path])
+    assert_equal "http", keys[:scheme]
+    assert_equal "example.com", keys[:host]
+    assert_equal "/path", keys[:path]
+    refute keys.key?(:params)
+  end
+
+  def test_pattern_matching_scheme_and_host
+    begin
+      uri = URI("https://example.com/path")
+      result = instance_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+        case uri
+        in scheme: "https", host: "example.com"
+          "matched"
+        else
+          "no match"
+        end
+      RUBY
+      assert_equal "matched", result
+    rescue SyntaxError
+      omit "Pattern matching not supported in Ruby < 2.7"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_pattern_matching_with_params
+    begin
+      uri = URI("http://example.com/search?q=ruby&lang=en")
+      result = instance_eval <<~RUBY, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+        case uri
+        in scheme: "http", path: "/search", params: { q: "ruby" }
+          "search query"
+        else
+          "no match"
+        end
+      RUBY
+      assert_equal "search query", result
+    rescue SyntaxError
+      omit "Pattern matching not supported in Ruby < 2.7"
+    end
+  end
+
 end